UMarion V.
IFransi yaziwa ngokwahlukahlukana kwendawo kunye nenkcubeko, kodwa ngaba ubusazi ukuba kukho isebe elingaqondakaliyo, isebe 98 ? Kweli nqaku, siza kugocagoca kwihlabathi lamasebe aseFransi ukuze sifumane lo mbuzo unomdla. Ukusuka kumasebe aphesheya kolwandle ukuya kwelona candelo lincinci nanabantu bancinci, siya kuphonononga iinkcukacha zala maqumrhu abalulekileyo eFransi. Zibambe nkqi, kuba olu phando kwiSebe 98 luthembisa ukuba luza kuvuyisa!
Uluhlu lwangaphakathi
Isebe lama-98 laseFransi: iqhina lokusombulula
Xa sihlolisisa ngenyameko i imephu France kunye necandelo lolawulo lwayo, inyani enomdla nenomdla ivela: ukungabikho kwesebe kunombolo engama-98. Ke, kwenzeka ntoni kanye kanye kweli sebe libizwa ngokuba lisebe lama-98?
Kuyinto kubalulekile ukwazi indlela yokuchonga yamasebe French ukuqonda le meko. Amasebe aseFransi achongwa ngamanani amabini ukusuka kwi-01 ukuya kwi-95. Ngaphandle kwe-95, amanani angama-96 kunye ne-97 agcinwe kwimimandla yaphesheya ukuya kwi-1957.
Namhlanje, isebe ngalinye laphesheya linekhowudi yalo ukusuka kwi-971 (yeGuadeloupe) ukuya kwi-976 (yeMayotte).
Le inani 98 alikho ngokumangalisayo kule nkqubo, ngenxa yokuba ayizange yabelwe ngokusemthethweni kulo naliphi na isebe lesiFrentshi.
Ke, isebe le-98 alikho eFransi. Ngokwenene, iFransi inamasebe ali-101 edolophu naphesheya kweelwandle, ukusuka kwi-01 ukuya kwi-Ain ukuya kwi-976 ye-Mayotte.
Ngaphaya koko, ukuba besinokongeza, inani lama-98 lingasetyenziselwa ukusekwa kommandla omtsha okanye ukudityaniswa kwamasebe amabini okanye ngaphezulu asele ekhona.
Le yinto enokwenzeka, nangona okwangoku kungekho miqondiso okanye amanyathelo kweli cala. Ngapha koko, iFransi iyaqhubeka ngaphandle kwengxaki kunye namasebe ayo ayi-101 ngaphandle kwe isebe elimangalisayo 98.
| uhlawula | Fransi |
| uhlobo | igunya lengingqi isithili solawulo |
| Ukwahlula okuphezulu | Région |
| Isahlulo esisezantsi | borough town |
| Inani lezahlulo | 94 uluntu 101 abavoti (2020) |
| Indalo | 1789: indawo yovoto 1871: uluntu |
Amasebe aseFransi: amaqumrhu abalulekileyo
Ukuba nomdla kumasebe aseFransi yinxalenye yokuntywila kwimbali etyebileyo nenika umdla. Ingingqi nganye, isebe ngalinye lineGewurztraminer ngendlela yayo kwiwayini yayo ethetha kakhulu ngobuni bayo, ixesha layo elidlulileyo kunye nobunzima bayo. Ukongezelela, amasebe aseFransi abalulekile kwisazisi saseFransi, ukuhanjiswa kwayo kwendawo kunye nesakhiwo sayo solawulo. Kwiindwendwe okanye abahlali abatsha, ulwazi lwezi zahlulo zemimandla luvumela ukuhamba kakuhle kwilizwe lonke.
La ukuqonda kwamasebe sisitshixo esibalulekileyo, nokuba umntu ujonge ukuzinza kwindawo entsha okanye uphonononge iindawo ezahlukeneyo zeli lizwe eli lizwe ligqwesileyo. Isebe ngalinye lidlala indima ethile kuqoqosho lwaseFransi, ishishini lokhenketho kunye nepanorama yenkcubeko. Zilikhaya leedolophu eziqhelekileyo, iindawo ezintle zomhlaba, amatye ezikhumbuzo axabisekileyo kunye namabali abangel’ umdla.
Ngokukodwa, imida phakathi kwamasebe ibekelwe iinjongo ezithile. Oku kubandakanya ulawulo lwezibonelelo, ulawulo lolawulo lwengingqi kunye nolungiselelo lweeyunithi ezikhethiweyo. Le mida ibekwe ngu ummiselo kwiBhunga likarhulumente ukudala umyalelo othile, okwenza kube lula umbutho osebenzayo weenkonzo zoluntu, iziseko zophuhliso kunye nezibonelelo. Kubalulekile ke ngoko ukuqaphela ukuba le mida ayinyanzelekanga, koko iphumeza iinjongo ezithe ngqo zesizwe siphela.
Isebe le-98, nangona lingekho ngoku, linokuthi ngenye imini libe yinxalenye yewebhu entsonkothileyo, izisa nembali yayo, imizabalazo kunye negalelo elitsha ekuchazeni iFransi.
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Amasebe aphesheya eFransi: indawo enkulu
Amasebe angaphesheya (DOM) yaseFransi ngokwenene ezahlukeneyo et eyodwa. La masebe, akwiindawo ezininzi zehlabathi, ayimbonakaliso emangalisayo yeentlobo ngeentlobo nobutyebi benkcubeko yaseFransi. Nokuba yiCaribbean eneGuadeloupe kunye neMartinique, uLwandlekazi lwaseIndiya kunye neReunion kunye neMayotte, okanye uMzantsi Merika kunye neFrench Guiana, iDOM nganye inomahluko wayo kunye nomtsalane wobuqu.
La masebe, ngelixa ethe qelele ngokwejografi kwilizwe laseFransi, omabini abukekayo kwaye avelisa izinto ezintsha, umdibaniso ogqwesileyo wesiko kunye nesimanjemanje. Ngokomzekelo, iGuadeloupe, elinye lawona masebe makhulu aphesheya kweelwandle, igubungela i-1 km². Kodwa ubukhulu bayo abukho kuphela ngokwemiqathango yommandla. Le paradesi yesiqithi seCaribbean ingaphezulu nje kommandla wetropiki namanxweme ayo acocekileyo. Yena ubutyebi benkcubeko kwaye ilifa layo lembali libanzi njengommandla walo.
Ngaphandle kommandla wayo omkhulu, iGuadeloupe lisebe elikhulu lama-51 kuphela ngokwemiqathango yabemi, ebonisa ukuba ukuxinana kwabantu akubonakalisi ubukhulu okanye ukuchuma yendawo.
Amasebe aphesheya eFransi ayingowolawulo nje lwamaqumrhu, ziipasile ze ilifa lemveli elahlukileyo kunye nobungqina bemilinganiselo emininzi yaseFransi.
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Awona masebe angawona anabantu abaninzi eFransi
Ukwahluka kwabantu phakathi kwamasebe eFransi yinyani efanele ukuqwalaselwa. Imeko yaseMantla kunye neLozère ngumfanekiso ogqibeleleyo wale nto. Emantla eFransi, enelifa lemizi-mveliso etyebileyo, iye yaba ligwiba lezigidi zabantu ekuhambeni kwexesha. Eneneni, ekubeni inabemi abamalunga nezigidi ezisisi-2,6, uMntla ngokungathandabuzekiyo unokuqhayisa ngokuba lelona sebe linabantu abaninzi eFransi.
Ngokwahlukileyo koko, iLozère, ehlala kummandla otyebileyo noluhlaza wendalo waseMargeride, likhaya labantu abangathathi ntweni abamalunga nama-76,000. Umlingiswa wasemaphandleni kunye neentaba weLozère, owahluke kakhulu kwisiphithiphithi kunye nokuphithizela eMantla, ubukhulu becala buchaza ukuxinana kwawo okuphantsi.
Ngoku khawucinge iGironde. Ngokungathandabuzekiyo lisebe elinomtsalane, mhlawumbi ngenxa yewayini yalo edumileyo kwihlabathi, okanye i-metropolis yayo, iBordeaux, ehlala ichazwa njenge "perile yase-Aquitaine". Oku kungqinwa kukukhula okumangalisayo kwenani labantu nge-15.1% phakathi kowama-2010 nowama-2018 okufunyenwe kulo mmandla, ipesenti engaphezulu kweyamanye amasebe amaninzi ombaxa.
Kufuneka kwakhona kuqatshelwe ukuba iFransi inalo Amasebe angama-96 kwilizwekazi laseFransi, abantu abahlukahlukeneyo, ngalinye linegalelo ekubumbeni ukwahluka kwenkcubeko noqoqosho lwelizwe lethu.
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Amasebe anelona nani likhulu loomasipala
Ngaba uyayazi intsingiselo yokwenyani yeyantlukwano? Khawuziphe ixesha ucinge ICalvados. Ngoomasipala bayo abangama-538, lisebe elidityanisiweyo iyantlukwano kunye nokuba kufutshane. Ngokungafaniyo namanye amasebe amakhulu, ubuncinci bayo buvumela unxulumano olusondeleleneyo phakathi koomasipala, ngaloo ndlela ikhuthaza ukutshintshiselana ngezimvo nokwamkelwa kwezona zenzo zilungileyo.
Unokuzibuza ukuba njani ICalvados kwamanye amasebe ngokwenani loomasipala? EFransi, iCalvados, ngaphandle kwamathandabuzo, yintshatsheli. Ukukunceda uqonde, isebe lesibini elinoomasipala abaninzi yi-Aisne enoomasipala abangama-816. Oko malunga ne-50% ngaphezulu!
Kwaye kuthekani ngokuba nabemi abatsha nabanamandla? Ukuba yile nto uyifunayo, i Seine-Saint-Denis yindawo yakho. Ubudala bayo obuphakathi yiminyaka eyi-34,8 kuphela, nto leyo eyenza ibe lincinci kumasebe aseFransi. Oku kuthetha amandla angenakubalwa okuvelisa izinto ezintsha kunye nokukhula. Lisebe elihlala litshintsha elimele ngokwenene ikamva lelizwe.
Ngaba unokuyithelekelela indlela ekumele ukuba kuyakhuthaza ngayo ukuhlala kwindawo apho kuhlala kukho into entsha onokuyifumanisa, uyifunde kwaye uyiphonononge? Pha Seine-Saint-Denis uthembisa ngokuchanekileyo loo nto nokunye okuninzi.
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Uphononongo oluqhubekayo
Isebe ngalinye lesiFrentshi linezalo ubutyebi. Nokuba lilifa labo lembali, izithethe zabo ezahlukeneyo zokupheka, imbonakalo-mhlaba enomtsalane, okanye amabali abo okuvelisa izinto ezintsha nokomelela, kusoloko kukho icala elitsha eliza kufunyanwa.
Umzekelo Nord mhlawumbi lelona sebe linabantu abaninzi, kodwa kuthekani ngobutyebi balo benkcubeko noshishino? Kwaye masingajongeli phantsi Lozere, kunye nenani eliphantsi labemi. Kunoko, sifanele sithabatheke yindlela eye yalondoloza ngayo iintaba zayo noxolo lwasemaphandleni.
La Seine-Saint-Denis womelele kwasebutsheni bakhe. Ukuphila kwabemi bayo ngumqhubi wenguqu kunye namandla. Ngokuchaseneyo ne ICalvados, kunye noomasipala bayo abangama-538, umntu unokucinga ngengxoxo eqhubekayo phakathi kwabo, umasipala ngamnye ezisa umbala wakhe emfanekisweni.
Kwaye masingawalibali amasebe aphesheya kweelwandle. Zenza ugqatso oluchulumancisayo olubhekiselele kwezinye iimeko zemozulu, ezinye iimbonakalo-mhlaba, ezibhekiselele kwinxalenye ye-exoticism kwiriphabliki yethu ngokwayo.
Enyanisweni, ukungabikho kwesebe 98 kusikhumbuza ukuba ulwazi lwethu lwamasebe aseFransi lungaphelelanga. Iyasikhuthaza ukuba siqhubeleke ngokuphonononga, singaze siyeke ukumangaliswa bubutyebi beli lizwe lethu.
Ke nokuba uqhubeka nohambo lwakho ngokwakho, ngeencwadi, okanye kwi-Intanethi, khumbula ukuxabisa ngokupheleleyo isebe ngalinye ngento elikunika yona. Emva kwayo yonke loo nto, isebe ngalinye liyinxalenye ebalulekileyo yeyantlukwano ebalaseleyo yaseFransi.
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FAQ
Amasebe aphesheya kweelwandle eFransi yiGuadeloupe, iMartinique, iRéunion, iMayotte neGuyana.
IFransi inamasebe ali-101 ewonke, kuquka nelizwe laseFransi naphesheya kweelwandle.
Hayi, isebe le-98 alikho eFransi. IFransi inamasebe ali-101.
Isebe elikhulu laseFransi yiGuadeloupe, enendawo eyi-1 km².
