🎵 2022-04-13 18:25:46 - Paris/France.
Ndiyayiqonda iminqweno eyonakalisayo
So uthi ufuna i revolution? Iibeatnik ezimbini ze-rearguard zadibana kunye kwizitrato zaseManhattan ekuqaleni kweminyaka yama-70s, ekuphakameni kobukhazikhazi bayo be-post-apocalyptic, xa iiteksi zeteksi zakuthiyile ukungena phantsi kwe-14th Street, kodwa izihlwele ezazibonayo nezizibonayo azikwazanga ukumelana nale nto.
Abo babevela kwezinye iindawo beza kumisela le meko. URichard Meyers kunye noTom Miller babengabantu ababini abanesiphiwo sokugxothwa ababalekela eNew York besuka kwisikolo esinezinhanha eDelaware. Bazulazula kwintlango ebukekayo ye-Lower East Side kunye neeklabhu eziphucukileyo kunye neekhefi zaseGreenwich Village. Bathathela ingqalelo ukubanakho ukuphinda kuhlaziywe ngokutsha iNew York eyayinike uRobert Zimmerman malunga neshumi leminyaka ngaphambili, bazitshintsha iifani zabo zaba nguRichard Hell kunye noTom Verlaine ngentloko engacacanga kangako kwiimbongi zamaFrentshi zenkulungwane ye-1873 uArthur Rimbaud kunye noPaul Verlaine. . Aba babini bangene kumcimbi wothando onesiphithiphithi nowokuthuthunjiswa, obugcwele inkanuko egqithisileyo, inguquko eyingozi ngokweemvakalelo kunye nobundlobongela obugqibelele bompu. Konke oku kwabhalwa ngokusemthethweni ngexesha lokuchithwa kwegazi likaRimbaud ngo-XNUMX Ixesha esihogweni-iyeza kuye nabani na ocinga ukuba ingcamango yokwabelana ngokugqithisileyo yimveliso yale mihla.
Isihogo kunye noVerlaine ngengqondo bazenze balandela uVerlaine noRimbaud ngandlela zonke ngaphandle kokudubulana. Babengezozithandani, kodwa babengabahlobo abasenyongweni. Babhala kunye kwaye baceba uhlobo lwabo lokulawula ihlabathi. Omabini la makhwenkwe ayemahle ngokugqibeleleyo: uVerlaine mde kwaye ediniwe ngamehlo abuhlungu, amangalisayo, atshonelwe ligazi kunye nesihogo esinomlomo osisikweri wokujonga isithixo kunye nokuba sesichengeni okukhulayo kweMontgomery Clift. UVerlaine wayezolile, ecaphukile kwaye ezinzile. Isihogo sasinomdla, sinoburhalarhume kwaye sinobubele. Bapapashe ingqokelela yeencwadi kunye neebhayografi zomgunyathi kunye nezenzo zoncwadi ezahlukeneyo zokonakalisa uhlobo lweBurroughs-inspired. Iqela labo lokuqala balibiza ngokuba yiNeon Boys. Yayiluhlobo lwelitye lenkunkuma kunye nohlobo lwemibongo. Babelungile, kodwa bethanda iincwadi kubaphulaphuli ooNodoli kwaye benomtsalane kakhulu kwiqonga elikhanyisiweyo. Ukuba i-New York intelligentsia yayingenazo, kuya kufuneka ukuba batshintshe izibalo. Kufuneka bacwangcise isitishi sabo.
Umkhusane okrazukileyo
URichard Lloyd wayengumntwana ongaqhelekanga. Ukuze ugxothe nakuphi na ukuphonononga amathandabuzo malunga neli bango, ndikwalathisa kwimemo yakhe yowama-2017 engalinganiyo. Yonke into iyatsha, apho abalisa inkumbulo yobuntwana kunyaka wakhe wesibini wobomi apho azifundisa ngokuxhalaba ukuba angaphefumli. Izinto ziya ziba mandundu ukusuka apho. Ufunda isiginci esekwishumi elivisayo, kodwa kunye neendlela ezingaqondakaliyo zokulawula ingqondo. Ibeka izinto ekunzima ukuziqonda. Abantu badla ngokuqhwanyaza kangangezihlandlo ezili-15 ngomzuzu ngokuphazamiseka kokubona okufutshane. Bendizibuza ukuba inoba kunjani xa ukuqhwanyaza kubuyiselwe umva. Weza eNew York evela ePittsburgh, njengeWarhol kwiminyaka engama-20 ngaphambili. Wayengaqhelekanga kwaye emhle kakhulu ukuba angangeni.
Iminyaka yokuqala kaLloyd eNew York yayihlala emngciphekweni. Wafumana umsebenzi njengomthengisi ngesondo kunye nonobhala wevenkile yeencwadi kwaye ngokuthe ngcembe wadityaniswa kwindawo esembindini wedolophu. Wayehlala neTerry Ork factotum ekufutshane nomzi-mveliso waseWarhol. U-Ork wayefuna ukuxhasa iqela elinoLloyd njengenkokeli. Kodwa ngaphandle kobukho bakhe obunyanzelisayo kunye netalente yokuguqula, uLloyd waxhathisa. Kwi Yonke into iyatsha, usichaza esi sigqibo ngokuvisisana nomzekeliso weBhayibhile weetalente, apho inkosi inikela imali kubakhonzi abathathu ize ivavanye ukuthembeka kwabo. Kodwa isigqibo sikaLloyd sokuyichaza ngolu hlobo sithetha ngokwaso ngandlel’ ithile. Inkolelo echulumancisayo kwilayisenisi kunye nenkonzo yokufundisa yangena kubomi bukaLloyd. Wayemiselwe ukuba ezulwini abe yinkwenkwezi. UOrk wazisa uLloyd esiHogweni naseVerlaine yaye isiphaluka sagqitywa. Baye benza umculo othanda inyama, besoloko bechasa owawo u-raison d'etre.
Isihogo, ingcali ekubizeni izinto, yathiya iqela labo iTelevishini. Ngokuyinxenye yayilibango lamabhongo ngamajelo eendaba axhaphakileyo ngelo xesha kwaye ngokuyinxenye yayiyi-pun ekrelekrele, eneziyobisi: ukuxelela umbono. Bakuba befumenena ekugqibeleni, iziphumo zokuqala zaba, ngokungqongqo, zifanelekile, kodwa uhlobo oluthile lomdlalo obalulekileyo lufunyenwe. Yayingumbono walo mzuzu ukuba kwenziwa iinzame zokurekhoda uqheliselo lokuqala lukamabonwakude, olwalubanjelwe kwigumbi eliphezulu laseOrk. Ngomdlali wegubu uBilly Ficca, ngamanye amaxesha ayevakala njengeStooges elandela i-Ewe bender, ngamanye amaxesha ayevakala njengamaKumkani agubungela iProcol Harum; akukho nanye kwezi eviwa ngokuchanekileyo, kodwa yonke igqibelele. Kwakufuneka babe lelona bhendi libalaseleyo ehlabathini.
silele kancinci ebusuku
Kukho amabali amaninzi malunga nokuzalwa kwe-CBGB njengoko kukho iivangeli zeGnostic. Enye yazo yile: UHilly Kristal, umnini-ndawo kunye nomdlali wexesha elide kwindawo yeklabhu yaseManhattan, ukhwela ileli ngo-1974, epeyinta ilogo ekhoyo ngoku eyazotywa kuqala ngumfazi wakhe, uKaren. UVerlaine kunye nesihogo basondela ngokuzenzekelayo kwaye bamqinisekisa ukuba anike iqela labo elitsha likamabonakude igigi kwindawo ebekufanele ukuba lilizwe kunye ne-bluegrass bar. Kule nguqulo, uKristal ekuqaleni wayethandabuza, kodwa u-Ork walandela kwaye wayitywina isivumelwano. Abanye bathi nguVerlaine noLloyd abasondela eKristal, ngelixa isihogo sahlala kwindawo yabo yokusela iwhiskey. Ungaziphambanisa ngokuxoxa ngale nto - iinguqulelo ezininzi zento enje ngeprosaic. Konke malunga nebhari esezantsi yedolophu kwiBowery.
Igama elipheleleyo elithi CBGB OMFUG ekuqaleni lalimele "Ilizwe leBluegrass Blues kunye nolunye uMculo lweeGormandizers eziPhakamisayo". Kamva, emva kokuba iklabhu iye yafana nokumitha kunye nokuzalwa kwe-punk rock, abaninzi batolika igama njenge-ronic nod. Kodwa kwakungenjalo. Ngaphambi kokuba ibe yintsomi, ii-CBs kwafuneka zenze inzuzo, kwaye kwakukho imali yokwenene yokwenziwa ngokuphuphuma kwabakhenkethi baseWest Village abangakwaziyo ukufikelela kwi-Kettle of Fish. Icala laseManhattan elisezantsi kwiMpuma ngo-1974 yayilikhaya likaPhil Ochs kunye noDave Van Ronk kunoDavid Johansen okanye iWayne County. Isahluko sasekuhlaleni seeNgelosi zeSihogo sasisecaleni komnyango. Babekhetha umculo wabo weempumlo. Kwakulungile ukutsho ukuba uKristal wayengacingi ukuba yayisebenza njengesiseko sentshukumo ye-tectonic eguqukayo kunokuba wayesakha isiseko somkhosi.
Ingcali yokungcakaza yakha yathi, “Unokwenza imali eninzi eNew York ngempazamo kunayo nayiphi na enye indawo ngokuyila. Olu luguqulelo olufutshane lwe-CBGB. Ukungcakaza kukaKristal kwe-ad hoc punk kwamenza waba ngusozigidi. Usweleke ngo-2007 eneminyaka engama-75 kwaye wayesisityebi ngakumbi kunokuba wayenokucinga, kwaye iCBGB yayiza kushukuma i-iconography ukuba yintoni iCoca-Cola kwisoda.
ukukhuhlana kakhulu
Ibhendi isoloko iluhambo oludinayo lomphetho kunye nobuntu obungakhuselekanga obunyanzeliswa ukuba bube kufutshane kangangeeyure ezingenakubalwa, rhoqo phantsi koxinzelelo, lokuhamba, ukusebenza kunye noqeqesho. Ngokudumileyo, iibhendi zidla ngokungena kwi-entropy, zikwahlula njengoko iprofayile yazo isanda.
Umabonwakude wasiphepha esi sihelegu ngeyona ndlela isebenzayo: ngokungaze akwazi ukuzixhasa kwasekuqaleni. Njengoko i-symbiosis kaVerlaine noHell yayifikelela kwisigqibo sayo, abazange bavumelane kwizinto ezininzi, kodwa bavuma ngokuqinisekileyo ukuba babengakhathali. Kwangoko, uVerlaine kunye nesihogo benza uLloyd aqhubeke etshintsha igama lakhe - babecinga ukuba neeRichards ezimbini zazingaqhelekanga. U-Lloyd waphendula, ngokufanelekileyo, "Hayi, sele ndinegama elifaneleke ngokugqibeleleyo le-rock 'n' roll - fuck you." Lo mbandela awuzange uphinde uvele, kodwa iqela lokudubula elijikelezayo lendalo yeqela lalisele likhona.
Njengoko oontanga babo be-CBGB basayine omnye emva komnye - uRamones, uPatti Smith, uBlondie, iiNtloko eziThethayo - umabonwakude wahlala engathandekiyo kungekho nkontileka yokurekhoda okanye umvuzo. Isiqithi sasinomdla ngokwaneleyo ukuba uBrian Eno abhale idemo edume kakubi, kodwa iqela ekugqibeleni lasala isithembiso sakhe sekhontrakthi. Ihambile iminyaka. Batsale inkxaso kushicilelo lwesiNgesi olunempembelelo noludume kakubi, baphinda baphulukana nalo. Imiboniso yaba ngakumbi nangakumbi yeVerlainian. Isihogo sasikhe saboniswa kwilizwi kwiingoma ezintathu kwezili-10 kwiseti enikiweyo, kodwa ngoku wayengasabonakali kwaphela. Kungekudala, isihogo sokwandisa umlutha kwiziyobisi ezinzima kunye nomnqweno okhulayo kaVerlaine wokuba yintloko ekugxilwe kuyo kwakhokelela ekuphumeni kweSihogo kwiqela; watshintshwa kwibass nguFred Smith waseBlondie.
Ngelixa ukukhutshwa kokuqala kukamabonwakude kwakunesiphithiphithi esimangalisayo, isandi sebhendi saye salungelelaniswa kwaye sagcinwa njengolawulo oludityanisiweyo lukaVerlaine. Ngokuya ngokwandayo, iingoma zigxile ekudlaleni kwakhe isiginci esingamanzi, esidlalayo, ngokuphambuka kwaso ngenxa kaJerry Garcia okanye amagqala wejazz afana noGrant Green kunebala eliluhlaza leqela langaphambili leqhawe lesiginci. Iqonga, uJohnny Thunders. Xa uLloyd ephindaphindeka kabini kwiindima zakhe, umphumo wawupholile ngokuchasene nefilimu yoxhatshazo eyonwabisayo. UVerlaine uxelele amanye amalungu eqela ukuba ayeke ukuhambahamba eqongeni ukuze angaphazamisi kwiingoma zakhe eziyedwa. Batyikitya kunye ne-Elektra. Kwafika ixesha lokuba Imarquee yenyanga.
Ubumnyama buphindeke kabini
Ngaba likhona icala lokuqala elingcono kwi-albhamu ye-rock 'n' kwimbali? Ukusuka kwi-reverse riff yee-Yardbirds kwigaraji ekhoyo yakudala ethi "Ungaboni Bubi" ukuya kwisibhengezo esivakalayo sokubongoza kwanaphakade "iVenus." Kwaye ke kukho ingoma yesihloko.
Amanqaku amane aphinda ngaphezulu kwemizuzwana engama-30 ngokwakhiwa okucothayo. Loo riff igqibeleleyo yokuxhalaba-njengesikhumbuza umxholo wayo njengo "Ukwaneliseka" okanye "uLayla" okanye "iBastards of Young." I-Byrds' eerie chime idibana ne-CCR engazinzanga ingqukuva idibana nokugqithisa kakhulu ukuba ndingakhathalelwa Ukugxothwa kwiMain St. Kukho isiphithiphithi kunye nokucamngca kunye nemvakalelo epheleleyo yokuba isikhephe secwecwe, esenziwe elwandle, sihamba phakathi kweenkwenkwezi ezimnyama.
UAndy Johns, igqala uLed Zeppelin kunye nomvelisi waMatye, wayesaziwa ngamalungu eqela xa iiseshini zokuqala zaqala kwi-A&R Studios eManhattan. Oku kuqhelana kwasebenza kwicala elinye kuphela. Xa uVerlaine ebona uJohns emisela amagubu ngendlela efana noJohn Bonham kunesenzo seproto-punk esinexesha, wenza ukuba uJohns awaphule aze aqale phantsi. Iminyaka yoo-70 yaba kukufezekiswa okungaphumeleliyo kwephupha lehippie kunye nokubonakaliswa okugcweleyo kwesakhono salo sequaalude. UVerlaine, ngokungafaniyo phantse wonke umntu eqongeni, wayethe tye njengotolo.
Ininzi into ekufuneka ndiyikhuphe apha, endifuna ukuyinyathela kancinci. Iwele likaVerlaine uJohn - ekusenokwenzeka ukuba nguye owaphefumlela umdlalo kamabonakude 'Little Johnny Jewel' - wayelikhoboka leheroin kwaye ekugqibeleni wasweleka sesi sifo ngeminyaka yoo-80. Iwele le-de facto elibambeleyo u-De Verlaine, esiHogweni, lasokola ukuba likhoboka leziyobisi xa bobabini baqhawuka. phezulu. ULloyd wayesebenzisa iziyobisi ngokugqithiseleyo ngelo xesha yaye kungekudala waba likhoboka leheroin. Ukuba uVerlaine uye waba yinto yokulawula, ke, jonga isiphithiphithi esimngqongileyo. Jonga abahlobo kunye nosapho lwakhe bethatyathwa kuye. Ungathini?
Ndaya kubona igypsy
Ngobunye ubusuku ekuqaleni kothotho lwe-CBGB kamabonwakude, uLou Reed, uthixo ongathandabuzekiyo wendawo yedolophu, waya kubabona. Onke amaqela aseNew York, ukusuka kwi-Heartbreakers ukuya kwi-Dead Boys ukuya koozwilakhe, baphenjelelwa kakhulu ngumsebenzi kaReed njengegcisa eliyedwa kunye neVelvet Underground. Yakhe…
SOURCE: Uphonononga Iindaba
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