UDieter B.
Wake wazibuza ukuthi kungani umakhalekhukhwini wakho ungangeni emanzini noma kungani isipikha sakho se-Bluetooth singasinda lapho kunemvula engalindelekile? Nokho, impendulo ilele kumakhodi angaqondakali IPX4, IPX5, IPX6, IPX7 kanye ne-IPX8! Ungakhathazeki, ngikhona ukuze ngikukhanyisele ngalezi zigaba ezithakazelisayo. Kulesi sihloko, sizongena emhlabeni othakazelisayo wokuvikelwa kwamanzi futhi sithole ukuthi la makhodi asho ukuthini ngempela. Bopha amabhande akho ezihlalo, ngoba sesizozulazula olwandle lwamazinga okumelana namanzi.
Uhlu lokuqukethwe
Ukuqonda ikhodi ye-IP: IPX4, IPX5, IPX6, IPX7, IPX8
Zibone ngeso lengqondo ulungiselela usuku olude emsebenzini, ikhofi lakho lisesandleni, futhi kungazelelwe i-smartphone yakho eyigugu ingena enkomishini yakho ungalindele. Kuyiphupho elibi lawo wonke umuntu, akunjalo? Awu, yilapho-ke Ikhodi ye-IP ujoyine umdlalo.
Ikhodi ye-IP, noma Ikhodi Yokuvikela Yokungena, iyindinganiso yokuhlukanisa eyamukelwa emhlabeni wonke ekunikeza umbono ocacile wokuthi idivayisi yakho imelana kahle kangakanani nezinto ezifana namanzi nothuli. Uma uqonda lawa makhodi, ukuhlomela kangcono ukunakekela amadivayisi akho.
Amadivayisi amaningi ngokwengeziwe, kusukela kuma-smartphones kuya kumawashi ahlakaniphile, manje adlala isilinganiso se-IP. Kodwa zisho ukuthini ngempela lezi zinombolo nezinhlamvu ezibonakala ziyimpicabadala? Ngivumele ngikukhanyisele:
| Ikhodi IP | okusho |
|---|---|
| I-IPX4 | Ingakwazi ukumelana nokuchaphazeka kwamanzi kuzo zonke izinhlangothi. |
| I-IPX5 | Iyakwazi ukumelana namajethi amanzi anengcindezi ephansi esuka kuzo zonke izindawo. |
| I-IPX6 | Ingamelana namajethi amanzi anomfutho omkhulu ukusuka kuzo zonke izinhlangothi. |
| I-IPX7 | Ingacwiliswa emanzini kuze kufike kumitha elilodwa ukujula imizuzu engama-30. |
| I-IPX8 | Ingacwiliswa emanzini ekujuleni okungaphezu kwemitha elilodwa isikhathi esishiwo umenzi. |
Isistimu yokulinganisa ye-IP iqukethe izinhlamvu “IP” kulandelwa izinombolo ezimbili. Isibonelo, esimweni sedivayisi ehlukanisiwe IP57, inombolo yokuqala (5) ihambisana nokuvikelwa ezinhlayiyeni, njengothuli, kanti inombolo yesibili (7) ibonisa ukumelana kwamanzi.
Ukuqonda la makhodi akukhona nje ngenxa yolwazi. Ikuvumela ukuthi wenze isinqumo unolwazi lapho uthenga idivayisi entsha. Ngemuva kwakho konke, kungani ukhokha kakhulu ukumelana namanzi ongawadingi? Noma okubi nakakhulu, ucabanga ukuthi idivayisi yakho imelana namanzi kuyilapho kungenjalo ngempela?
Yingakho ukuqonda Ikhodi ye-IP kubaluleke kakhulu. Esigabeni esilandelayo, sizohlukanisa isigaba ngasinye ukuze ube umpetha weqiniso ngale ndaba.
Ukufunda >> Ungasilungisa kanjani isikrini se-smartphone esiphukile? & Ungayixazulula kanjani ikhodi yephutha ye-Cloudflare 1020: Ukufinyelela kunqatshiwe? Thola izixazululo zokunqoba le nkinga!
Masihlukanise isigaba ngasinye se-IPX ndawonye
I-IPX4
Zicabange ugijima epaki ekuseni okupholile, kunenkungu. Uzwa amaconsi amanzi ebusweni bakho, kodwa idivayisi yakho imelana nalokhu kuconsa ngokukhazimulayo. Yilokhu kanye okushiwo ukuhlukaniswa I-IPX4. Isivikelo esinikezayo silingana naleso senkungu encane yamanzi noma umjuluko oshubile. Kodwa-ke, lesi sivikelo asimelani neshawa, lapho ukugeleza kwamanzi kukhulu kakhulu. Futhi, ungathembeli kulesi silinganiso ukuze uvikele idivayisi yakho ekucwilisweni ngokuphelele emanzini.
I-IPX5
Manje cabanga ngentambama yokulima, lapho amanzi asuka ekuniseleni kwakho angahlakazeka ngaphansi komfutho womoya. Idivayisi ehlukanisiwe I-IPX5 uzomelana nesimo esinjalo. Ingakwazi ukumelana nama-kilopascal angu-30 wokucindezela kwamanzi imizuzu engu-15. Nokho, akuklanyelwe ukukuphelezela eshaweni noma ukucwiliswa echibini. Ingakwazi nokho ukumelana nemvula encane.
I-IPX6
Ngokuqondene nokuhlukaniswa I-IPX6, cabanga ngemvula enkulu yasehlobo, lapho amaconsi ecishe abe makhulu njengamamabula. Idivayisi yakho ingamelana nale mvula enamandla, ngenxa yekhono layo lokumelana namajethi amanzi anomfutho ophezulu. Ungakwazi ngisho ukugeza ngawo, kodwa ungawubhukudi, ngoba amanzi asangena ngaphakathi.
I-IPX7
Ukuhlukaniswa I-IPX7 ikuvumela ukuthi uqhubeke kancane futhi ucwilise idivayisi yakho kuze kufike kumitha engu-1 ukushona imizuzu engu-30. Noma ngabe ubanjwe yisiphepho esishisayo noma ufuna ukucwilisa ngokushesha echibini, idivayisi yakho izokwazi ukukuphelezela. Kodwa-ke, qaphela ukuthi ungashoni kakhulu, njengoba amadivayisi alinganiselwe e-IPX7 ahlolwa kuphela ukujula kwemitha elingu-1.
I-IPX8
Ukuhlukaniswa I-IPX8 inikeza isivikelo esikhulu nakakhulu. Ukuntywila okujulile noma ubude besikhathi eside, amadivayisi alinganiselwe we-IPX8 adizayinelwe ukuthi abe abangani bakho emanzini.
IPX9K
Ekugcineni, ukuhlukaniswa IPX9K iyisiqongo sokumelana namanzi. Kufana nokuba neqhawe ephaketheni lakho, elikwazi ukumelana nejethi lamanzi ashisayo anengcindezi ephezulu ezingeni lokushisa elingu-80°C. Nokho, amathuluzi ambalwa angaziqhayisa ngokuba nezigaba ezinjalo.
Ukuqonda lezi zilinganiso kubalulekile uma uthenga idivayisi ngoba kukwazisa ukuthi yini ongayilindela mayelana nokumelana namanzi. Kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukuthi ukumelana kwamanzi akusho ukungangeni kwamanzi. Ukuhlukaniswa ngakunye kunemikhawulo yakho futhi kubalulekile ukuzazi ukuze ugweme noma yikuphi ukulimala kudivayisi yakho.
Zinikezwa kanjani izilinganiso ze-IP kumadivayisi kagesi?
Cabanga ngomshini omusha kagesi, ocwebezelayo futhi olungele ukuhlolelwa ukumelana namanzi nothuli. Umkhiqizi, eqiniseka ngokuqina komkhiqizo wawo, unqume ukuwuhambisa ochungechungeni lokuhlola okunzima ukuze athole ukuhlukaniswa kwe-IP. Lesi sinqumo asithathwa kalula, njengoba ukulinganisa kwe-IP kungenza noma kwephule isithunzi somkhiqizo endaweni yemakethe.
Uma isinqumo senziwe, umkhiqizo uthunyelwa enkampanini ezimele eqinisekisiwe. Yilapho inselelo yangempela iqala khona. Umkhiqizo ubekwe ebhentshini lokuhlola elizinikele futhi ikhonjelwe ochungechungeni lokuhlolwa okuqondene nokuhlukaniswa kwe-IP okuhlosiwe. Lokhu kungase kusho ukuchayeka kumajethi amanzi avela kuma-engeli ahlukene noma izingcindezi ezihlukene, kuye ngesilinganiso se-IP umkhiqizi akhethe ukusihlolela.
Khumbula, isigaba ngasinye se-IP sinemibandela yaso ehlukile neqinile. Idivayisi ephumelela ukuhlolwa kwe-IPX4 ingase ingasindi ekuhlolweni kwe-IPX7.
Imiphumela yokuhlolwa ibe isinquma. Uma umkhiqizo uphumelela, uklonyeliswa ngesilinganiso se-IP esifiselekayo, isimemezelo sangempela sekhono lawo lokumelana nezimo ezithile ezinzima. Kodwa uma amanzi noma uthuli kungena ecaleni ngesikhathi sokuhlolwa, ukwehluleka. Umkhiqizo awutholi ukuhlukaniswa kwe-IP futhi kufanele ubuyele esigabeni sokuklama ukuze uthuthukiswe.
Kuyacaca ukuthi ukuthola isilinganiso se-IP akuyona into elula. Kuwubufakazi bekhwalithi nokuqina kocingo, isiqinisekiso kuwe, mthengi, ukuthi umkhiqizo ungamelana nezimo ezithile. Kodwa-ke, kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukuthi noma ngabe umkhiqizo unesilinganiso se-IP, lokhu akuqinisekisi ukuvikeleka okuphelele kuzo zonke izici kuzo zonke izimo. Izigaba zihlala zihlolwa ngaphansi kwezimo ezilawulwayo neziqondile.
Ukuze ubone >> I-iPhone 14 vs iPhone 14 Plus vs iPhone 14 Pro: Uyini umehluko nezici ezintsha?
Izilinganiso ze-IP nokuvikelwa kothuli
Zicabange usendaweni yokusebenzela enothuli, usebenza ngephrojekthi yakho ye-DIY yangempelasonto, idivayisi yakho ye-elekthronikhi ilungile. Noma mhlawumbe ungumhambi okhuthele, ohlola izindlela ezinothuli ngekhamera yakho yedijithali. Kulezi zimo, ukumelana nothuli lwedivayisi yakho kubaluleke njengokumelana namanzi. Izilinganiso ze-IP zikwazisa kahle ukuthi idivayisi yakho ye-elekthronikhi ingamelana kahle kangakanani nalezi zinhlayiya ezihlaselayo.
Thatha isibonelo sokuhlukanisa I-IPX0. Kulesi simo, idivayisi yakho ayinakho ukuzivikela ezinhlayiyeni ezincane njengokungcola noma uthuli. Kufana nenqaba engenazindonga, evezwe kuzo zonke izingozi ezizungezile. Okulandelayo sizoba nezigaba I-IPX1, enikeza isivikelo esithile, kodwa kuphela ezintweni ezinkulu kuno-50mm. Kufana nokuba nothango, kodwa ongakwazi ukuvimba izidalwa ezincane noma ama-projectiles.
Nokho, njengoba ukuhlukaniswa kwanda, kanjalo nokuvikela kuyakhula. I-IPX2 ivikela ukuthintana neminwe yakho kanye nezinto ezinosayizi ofanayo, ngenkathiI-IPX3 inikeza ukuzivikela ezintanjeni eziwugqinsi, izikulufu ezincane, nezinye izinto ezifanayo. Kufana nokusuka ocingweni uye odongeni oluqinile, olukwazi ukumelana nokuhlasela okunzima kakhulu.
Futhi-ke, izinga lokuvikela othulini lifinyelela umvuthwandaba walo I-IPX5 et I-IPX6. Isilinganiso se-IPX5 sinikeza isivikelo esiqinile ezinhlayiyeni, nakuba sivikela uthuli ngokuphelele. Kufana nokuba nomnyango oqinile, kodwa onezikhala ezimbalwa ezivumela uthuli oluncane ukuthi lungene. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, ukuhlukaniswa kwe-IPX6 kunikeza ukuvikeleka okuphelele othulini. Kufana nokuba nenqaba engangeneki, ekwazi ukumelana nokuhlasela kwamahora angu-8 ngesicoci se-vacuum esiphoqa uthuli ngaphakathi kwedivayisi.
Ubuhle bezilinganiso ze-IP ukuthi zikuvumela ukuthi ukhethe idivayisi engcono kakhulu yezidingo zakho ezithile, noma ngabe ungumdwebi wezandla, umuntu ohamba ngezinyawo, noma umuntu nje ojabulela ukulalela umculo phakathi nosuku olwandle . Ngokuzayo uma ufuna idivayisi entsha kagesi, ungakhohlwa ukuhlola isilinganiso sayo se-IP.
Ukuze ubone >> Ucingo lufihliwe: Uyifihla kanjani inombolo yakho ku-Android ne-iPhone?
Isiphetho
Ekugcineni, ikhodi ye-IP, leyo nkomba ebalulekile esivumela ukuthi sahlulele ukumelana kwedivayisi emanzini nothuli, ingaphezu nje kwenombolo. Lesi isiqinisekiso, isiqinisekiso sokuthi umkhiqizo onawo ezandleni zakho uhloliwe futhi ufakazele ngempumelelo ukuqina kwawo ngaphansi kwezimo ezithile.
Zicabange ukhetha i-smartphone entsha. Unayo esandleni sakho, idizayini yayo eshelelayo, isikrini sayo esikhanyayo, izici zayo eziningi zikuyenga. Kodwa lapho wenza ukukhetha kwakho, uyakhumbula ukuthi kusho ukuthini lokhu kushiwo okuncane IP67 eshidini lobuchwepheshe. Ikuqinisekisa ukuthi ungathatha ifoni yakho uye ogwini ngaphandle kokukhathazeka ngokuthi isihlabathi sizongena kumasekhethi aso. Kukuqinisekisa ukuthi uma uchithe ikhofi lakho kulo ngephutha, lizosinda.
Yilokhu kuthula kwengqondo okunikezwa yikhodi ye-IP. Nokho, kubalulekile ukukhumbula ukuthi lezi zivivinyo zenziwa ezindaweni ezilawulwayo. Ezweni langempela, izingozi zingahlukahluka kakhulu futhi zingabikezeli. Yingakho njalo kunconywa ukuphatha amadivaysi akho e-elekthronikhi ngokucophelela, ngokunganaki isilinganiso sawo se-IP.
Ukwengeza, kufanele kukhunjulwe ukuthi ukuhlolwa kwesilinganiso se-IP ngakunye kuyabiza. Kuwutshalomali umkhiqizi alwenzile ukuze aqinisekise ikhwalithi yomkhiqizo wakhe. Yingakho isilinganiso se-IP singaba nomthelela enanini ledivayisi. Ngakho-ke umkhiqizi ngamunye kufanele alinganise ngokucophelela izinzuzo kanye nokubi ngaphambi kokunquma ukunikeza isilinganiso se-IP kumadivayisi abo.
Ngakho ngesikhathi esilandelayo lapho ubona ikhodi efana I-IPX7 ou I-IPX4 kulebula yomkhiqizo, uzokwazi ukuthi ingaphezu nje kwenombolo. Kungumphumela wenqubo yokuhlola eqinile kanye nesithembiso sokumelana nezinhlobo ezithile zezehlakalo.
Ikhodi ye-IP iyindinganiso yokuhlukanisa ebonisa ukuthi into imelana kangakanani nezinto ezifana namanzi nothuli.
I-IPX4 isho ukuvikeleka emanzini ashaywayo imizuzu eyi-10 ngengcindezi ephansi.
I-IPX5 isho ukuvikeleka emanzini aphonswe kubhobho yesifutho imizuzu eyi-15 ebangeni elingamamitha ama-3 kanye nomfutho wama-kilopascal angama-30.
