Amazwe aphambili kunye nemimandla evelisayo ayibe au Monde yiDemocratic Republic of Congo, iNew Caledonia (eFransi), iTshayina, iKhanada, kunye neOstreliya. Amazwe aneyona mveliso iphantsi ye ayibe yiIndonesia, iUnited States, iBrazil, uMzantsi Afrika, kunye nePoland.
Ngendlela, ifumaneka phi icobalt emhlabeni? Kwinqanaba langoku lokusetyenziswa, kusele iminyaka eyi-112 yoovimba be ayibe qui Est isixhobo esingahlaziyekiyo. Oovimba abaziwayo baseDemocratic Republic of Congo (50%), e-Australia (20%) naseCuba (14%), njengoko kubonisiwe kule mephu (Umfanekiso 2).
Leliphi ilizwe elihamba phambili ngokuvelisa igolide ehlabathini? I-10 amazwe aphambili avelisayo imele isibini kwisithathu semveliso yonyaka. eTshayina Est ukusukela kwi-2007 umvelisi wokuqala ihlabathi leOr kunye neetoni ezingama-400 zizonkeOr ngo-2018, ngelixa ngokucacileyo ukuba yenye ye iinkulumbuso abathengi beOr jikelele.
Kutheni i-cobalt isetyenziselwa? THE ayibe isebenza njenge-catalyst ye-synthesis yee-hydrocarbons ezahlukeneyo: inkqubo ye-Fischer-Tropsch, i-hydrogenation ye-unsaturated okanye i-carbides enevumba elimnandi. Co oxide3O4 iyasetyenziswa kwizinto zeglasi: ngemilinganiselo emincinci ikhupha umbala kwintlama enyibilikisiweyo ngelixa ubukhulu becala iyifaka imibala eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka.
Noko ke, ifunyanwa phi imihlaba enqabileyo?
Ukutsalwa kwe umhlaba onqabileyo kwenziwa kwimigodi yomhlaba kwaye sont ukungcolisa. Zifumaneka kwizinto zemihla ngemihla kodwa nakwiiteknoloji eziluhlaza. I-China ivelisa i-85% yezi zixhobo.
Ngubani osebenzisa icobalt?
Intsimbi yi Ukusebenzisa ukuvelisa iibhetri ze-lithium-ion qui iimoto zombane zamandla, iilaptops kunye nee-smartphones. Nangona kunjalo, inkqubo yokwembiwa kwemigodi ibisoloko iyinto ekujoliswe kuyo ekugxekweni ngokunxulumene nokwembiwa kwemigodi ngokungekho mthethweni, ukunyhashwa kwamalungelo oluntu kunye norhwaphilizo.
Leliphi ilizwe elona livelisa igolide? Kwisiqingatha sokuqala sika-2021, i-Australia yadlula i-China njengeyokuqala umvelisi wegolide. (I-Arhente ye-Ecofin) - I-China ilawula imveliso yehlabathior ukusukela ngo-2007, unyaka awathi ngawo Est wadlula phambi koMzantsi Afrika.
Ngowuphi umvelisi wegolide omkhulu ehlabathini? Imveliso evela kwimigodi yegolide yehlabathi ifikelele kuqikelelo lweetoni ezingama-3 ngo-200, ihle nge-2020% ukusuka ngo-3.
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Oovimba behlabathi.
Usetyenziso | uhlawula | Iitoni (amawaka) |
---|---|---|
1 | stralia | 10,0 |
2 | Russian | 7,5 |
3 | US | 3,0 |
4 | Afrique du Sud | 2,7 |
• Nge-3 kaFebruwari. 2022
Leliphi elona lizwe lityebileyo ngegolide eAfrika?
(Arhente ye-Ecofin) – eGhana Est umvelisi wokuqala African d 'or.
Kutheni i-cobalt isetyenziswa kwii-smartphones? Le ntsimbi, eneempawu ezibonakalayo ezifana nentsimbi kunye ne-nickel, ivumela iibhetri ukuba zigcine amandla ngaphandle kokutshisa. i cobalt nguye ngaloo ndlela ibe sisitshixo kwixesha post-oyile.
Ngaba i-zinc yintsimbi enqabileyo?
Le zinc yi into eninzi ngokuphakathi emhlabeni. I-clarke ixabisa phakathi kwe-70 g kunye ne-132 g ngetoni nganye ngokoqikelelo. isiqalelo zinc yi ekhoyo kwiiminerali ezininzi. i zinc umthonyama yintsimbi umthonyama kakhulu nqabile.
Yintoni isimboli yecobhalt? Cobalt (uphawu Co, inombolo ye-athomu 27) yintsimbi ebekwe kumgca wokuqala wekholamu VIII a, phakathi kwentsimbi kunye ne-nickel; kukho izifaniso ezininzi phakathi kwesi siqalelo, i-rhodium kunye ne-iridium.
Ngubani okhupha umhlaba onqabileyo?
Le yimeko yaseTshayina qui yenza i-95% yemveliso yehlabathi jikelele umhlaba onqabileyo kwaye isebenze imigodi ye-tungsten, igraphite, i-gallium, i-indium kunye ne-germanium. Kazakhstan extrait chromium, iDemocratic Republic of Congo (DRC) cobalt kunye neBrazil niobium.
Uphi umhlaba onqabileyo emhlabeni?
Abayi sont ayikho njalo kunqabile, ekubeni ifumaneka eMelika, eOstreliya, eAsia naseYurophu. Ingxaki kuphela: ukucokiswa kwabo Est ingcolise kakhulu. Iyayikhaba inkunkuma enetyhefu kunye ne-radioactive.
Leliphi ilizwe elona livelisa umhlaba onqabileyo? Kwiitoni ze-170 eziveliswe ngo-000, i-2018% (i-70,6 tonnes) iveliswe yi-China, ngokutsho kwe-US Geological Survey. Abanye abavelisi - I-Australia (iitoni ezingama-20) kunye ne-United States (iitoni ezili-000 - zisemva kakhulu. I-China ine-15% yolondolozo lwehlabathi.
Ngubani osebenza imigodi eCongo? Ezi yimigodi ziqhutywa ziinkampani ezimbini ezinkulu: iMinière de Bakwanga, apho uRhulumente angabona banini-zabelo abaninzi, kunye neSino-isiCongo Sacim. Eyokuqala ayinamali ngo-2020, ngelixa que eyesibini ikhula ngokukhawuleza.
Babebizwa ngokuba bathini abafazi ababesebenza emigodini?
Ngaphandle kwesine kubo abasebenza ngaphakathi kwi yimigodi, bonke basebenzisa intsimbi ekrwada emhadini ovulekileyo. Uninzi luphinda lusebenzise iimfumba ze-slag, abanye batshayela intsimbi ekrwada ewele eludongeni yimigodi ngexesha lokuthuthwa kwayo. Ingaba i call i-palliris [5] Igama elithi palliri, qui....
Kutheni i-cobalt isetyenziswa kwii-smartphones? Le ntsimbi, eneempawu ezibonakalayo ezifana nentsimbi kunye ne-nickel, ivumela iibhetri ukuba zigcine amandla ngaphandle kokutshisa.
Leliphi elona lizwe lityebileyo ngegolide ehlabathini?
Inqanaba lehlabathi lamazwe avelisa igolide ngo-2014
Inqanaba lehlabathi | uhlawula abavelisi | Ubungakanani be or ikhutshwe ngo-2014 (ngeetoni) |
---|---|---|
1 | yipa- | 462 |
2 | stralia | 272,4 |
3 | Russian | 266,2 |
4 | US | 210,8 |
Leliphi elona lizwe livelisa igolide kakhulu eAfrika? Iiklasi zaseGhanaAfrique yaseMzantsi kwaye iba ngowokuqala umvelisi d 'or d 'Afrique (IBhanki yehlabathi)
Yeyiphi eyona golide ibalaseleyo ehlabathini?
L 'or Iikhathuni ze18 Est eyona titration jikelele, eyaziwa kwaye isasazeke kulo lonke Monde. L 'or Iikhathuni ze18 Est yenziwe ngama-75% yeor ecocekileyo kunye ne-25% yezinye iintsimbi ezifana nobhedu, isilivere, njl. Ngaphandle kokoEst ngale 25% iseleyo ukuba silawule ukuba imibala ekhethekileyo efanaor pink, ior mhlophe, ior blue, njl