✔️ 2022-11-12 19:01:25 - Paris/France.
La ulwaphulo-mthetho lokwenyani alubonakalisi uphawu lokudinwa kwezorhwebo. 'IDAHMER - iMonster: Ibali likaJeffrey Dahmer', esekwe kuhambo lwento enye ababulali serial eyona idumileyo eUnited States, yatshayela iNetflix. Beat, umzekelo, inani lerekhodi leeyure ezibukelwe kwiveki yesithathu, iingoma ezigqwesileyo ezinjenge "Los Bridgertons" ngeeyure zezigidi ezingama-205,3, 'Izinto ezingaziwayo' okanye 'Igqwirha'. Emva kweeveki ezisixhenxe kwi-Top 10, kubalo lulonke (oluhlu lweNetflix ngokubala kuphela inyanga yokuqala) ingaphantsi kwe-'Stranger Things 4 '.
Noko ke, ndihluthi. Iminyaka (kunokuba amashumi eminyaka), ukuqala iminyaka ngaphambi kwamaqonga e yosasazo Ukulawula umjikelo ombi wokutsaleleka ngokudibeneyo ngababulali abalandelelanayo, ndandingumamkeli-zindwendwe olahliswa ngakumbi ngumhadi we-amoral weyona psychopaths ijijekileyo. Kodwa xa abona baphuli-mthetho boyikekayo benkcubeko edumileyo besiba yileyibhile emhlophe yoloyiko, lixesha lokuba uthethe ngokwaneleyo.
ubulala wam wokuqala
Ukudibana kwam okokuqala neenkwenkwezi zolwaphulo-mthetho mhlawumbi zazifana nezo zaye nawuphi na umntwana kwiminyaka yee-80s: Ndandithabathekile yiyo yonke intsomi ejikeleze uJack the Ripper (ngexesha apho ithisisi ikhuselwe ngu "Ukusuka esihogweni" yayisele ithathwa njengento eqhelekileyo), kwakunye nohlengahlengiso kubomi babaphuli-mthetho bokwenyani. Iifilimu ezinje nge'Psycho' okanye 'The Texas Chainsaw Massacre', ephefumlelwe yingqumbo yokwenyani ka-Ed Gein., umzekelo. Oko, ngendlela, ungumbulali "wangoku" kakhulu kunoDahmer okanye uTed Bundy, kwaye mhlawumbi kungenxa yokuba unomsindo. intamo ebomvu isiphithiphithi, inomsindo kwaye ingenakoyiswa, yiyo loo nto ihlala iyenye yezinto endizithandayo.
Ngeminyaka yoo-90s, ndandingumlandeli omncinci onolwazi ngayo yonke into evelisa enye inkcubeko yelo xesha, ndiye ndazivumela ukuba ndithathwe ngawo onke amaza okungcwaliswa kombulali we-serial njengomfanekiso wepop. Abanye basebenze ngeendlela ezihlekisayo ngakumbi, njengokuzinikela uJohn Waters ahlala enakho kulo mbandela kwaye owenziwe kwifilimu efana nethi 'Into Yasetyhini' okanye 'Ababulali bakaMama'. Kwaye sikwanabanye ngethoni eyoyikisayo neyemveli, njengefanzine yaseSpain ephikisanayo "i-Espanis Sico" kunye negloss yayo kubabulali be-serial baseSpain.
Kodwa ifilim eyatshintsha yonke into yayingu-'Henry: Portrait of a Murderer', imveliso ka-1986 enexabiso eliphantsi kakhulu eyathi yafumana ukuthandwa okokuqala ngo-1990, xa ukusasazwa kwayo kwaba yinto eqhelekileyo. E-Spain yabangela impembelelo enkulu ngaloo nyaka kumnyhadala we-Sitges kwaye ngokukhawuleza le filimu kaJohn McNaughton yayinokubonwa kwi-VHS kunye ne-TV, ifumana ihlelo lokulandela ngokukhawuleza. Imbali yakhe yengqumbo kaHenry Lee Lucas (edlalwa nguMichael Rooker omangalisayo)eboniswe kumgama obandayo kunye nowoyikekayo, yaba lilitye leRosetta leefilimu ezisekelwe kwizigebenga zokwenyani.
Henry, umfanekiso wombulali.
Ngexesha leminyaka yee-1990s de kwafika iliza elilandelayo lemiboniso bhanyabhanya yokwenyani ebulalayo, bekukho izinto ezenzekayo kwi-cinema engaphantsi komhlaba endayidla ngokungxamisekileyo: Icinema yaseMpuma yafumana umkhuhlane wefilimu esekwe kwiimeko eziyinyani, njengesikhumbuzo seHong Kong Grade III (abadala kuphela) 'uGqr. IMvana', ewe ixesha lemiboniso bhanyabhanya efana ne-'Nekromantik' okanye 'iGuinea Pig' edlalwe ngobume be-verism egqithisileyo, kunye nokuthengisa ukuba ulwaphulo-mthetho oluboniswe kwisikrini lwalusondele kakhulu kwinyani. Akukho mntu wayikholelwayo, kunjalo, kodwa ngowona majelo osasazo achukumisayo ondla intsomi yasezidolophini iimuvi zesnuffUkutsibela kudidi oluphambili lwee-aesthetics zembali kwaculwa.
Obu buhle buqinisekisiweyo bubambeke kumboniso bhanyabhanya oqhelekileyo ngeengoma ezinjenge "Blair Witch Project" okanye, ngamabhongo ngakumbi, "Natural Born Killers," edibanisa ukuzinikela kwababulali bokwenyani (kwincoko ngelo xesha. umlambo omkhulu enkosi kumatyala afana nokubulawa kweColumbine) kunye nokuthungwa okuzuzwe njengelifa kumaxwebhu nakumabonakude. Konke oku kwenze imbonakalo yefilimu entsha esekwe kubabulali be-serial bokwenyani, kwizihloko ezinjenge 'Citizen X' (ngokusekwe kulwaphulo-mthetho luka-Andrei Chikatilo), 'Ed Gein' okanye 'Ted Bundy'.
Njengoko benditshilo, ndayidla yonke kwiminyaka yam yokukhula njengomdlalo webhanyabhanya, kwaye ndayifefa ngalo lonke ulwazi endinokulufumana kwiincwadi kunye neebanes malunga nabantu abafana noCharles Manson okanye uMfundisi uJim Jones. Ndachacha Iifilimu ezingaziwayo ezinje nge 'Guyana: The Crime of the Century', ndiye ndazijula kumbono wethu wababulali baseSpain. (ukusuka kwizenzo zolwaphulo-mthetho zasePuerto Hurraco ukuya kwezo zase-Alcàsser, ezidlula ekubulaweni kweeMarquises zase-Urquijo okanye ezo zaziwa ngokuba "zizenzo zolwaphulo-mthetho", ezinye zazo ngendlela yeli xesha), kwaye andizange ndizibalekele kulo mbono wokuqala. ibali ulwaphulo-mthetho lokwenyani.
Ukufika kwesibini kwe ulwaphulo-mthetho lokwenyani
Ukuba ndixela zonke ezi zinto zandulelayo, asikokuqhayisa ngayo yonke into endiyibonileyo (ngubani onokuqhayisa ngokuba mdala), kodwa ukuze abantu baqonde ukuba andizange ndidinwe kukubona. ulwaphulo-mthetho lokwenyani emva kothotho kunye nesiqingatha kwiNetflix. Uhlobo lunembali eyohlukeneyo kwaye enomvuzo, eqala ukusuka umxhaphazi ubugcisa obusulungekileyo kunye nesincoko esine-sordid (jonga 'i-Caniba', isicatshulwa malunga no-Issei Sagawa waseJapan, ogqiba ngowona mzimba umhle kakhulu), kwaye ndakhetha phantse yonke into kuba ndiyawathanda amabali olwaphulo-mthetho oluyinyani ngabaninzi (kwaye ngamanye amaxesha aphikisanayo).
Yiyo loo nto nam Ndabaleka ndayokhwela imoto entsha ulwaphulo-mthetho lokwenyaniokokuqala ngeefilimu ezifana netrilogy ethi "Paradise Lost"., kwabathathu abavela eMemphis, kwaye sele sithetha ngayo kwixesha lokugqibela elithi 'Izinto ezingaqhelekanga'. Kunye neqweqwe lamva le-'The Thin Blue Line' engakholelekiyo, ngu-Errol Morris. Okanye ngempembelelo ethi 'Capturing the Friedmans', enye yezona ngxelo ziphazamisayo kwixesha lonke, phakathi kwezinye izinto ezininzi. Yayilixesha elitsha legolide ulwaphulo-mthetho lokwenyani?
Ewe, oko kwakubonakala ngathi kunjalo, kwaye ndinenkumbulo ezimnandi ze-podcast ye-"Serial", ngokungathandabuzekiyo yavula indlela e-United States ngeli xesha litsha ulwaphulo-mthetho lokwenyani. Kwaye ndonwabele kakhulu 'I-Jinx', imveliso ye-HBO esele igqitywe ngeendlela ezininzi: hayi kuphela sasingenabo ababukeli abamsulwa kwaye amaqhinga asele exhatshaziwe amaxesha ngamaxesha asimangazayo, kodwa umlingiswa wayo onomdla wayengumngxuma omnyama wokuziphatha. Ndandithanda ukuziphosa.
IJinx
Uchungechunge lokuqala olwaphakamisa amashiya am, ngendlela, "Ukwenza uMbulali." ndiyifumene iingxaki ezimbini eziphambili: eyokuqala, icebo layo lalolulwa ngendlela engaqhelekanga; okwesibini, wayedlala ngokufihla inkcazelo dala intandabuzo, eyenza ingqiqo egqibeleleyo kumboniso bhanyabhanya, kodwa iyacaphukisa ngakumbi kuxwebhu. Ewe, kwaye njengaye nawuphi na unyana wommelwane, ndibeka ecaleni inkcaso yam kwaye ndizivumele ukuba ndithathwe ngumtsalane ongenakuphikiswa wayo yonke into. ulwaphulo-mthetho lokwenyani lokuphumelela: wonke umntu wayethetha ngayo, kwaye ndandikuthanda ukuthatha inxaxheba kule ncoko.
Ndalityhutyha eliza ngovuyo: ekugqibeleni umbandela owawundithathela ingqalelo ukusukela ebusheni wadibana nenkxaso enkulu. Kwaye ukongeza, kwaye nangona i-saturation iqalile, iye yavelisa iimveliso ezinomdla kakhulu, ezinje nge-'Mindhunter', ethe kwiisizini ezimbini nje ibe yenye yezona ntsomi zivuselelayo ezisekwe kumatyala ayinyani ababulali be-serial kwimbali.
Kwaye ngeli xesha, iisampulu ezininzi nangakumbi ulwaphulo-mthetho lokwenyanikwanekhoboka leziyobisi njengam kwafuneka liqalise ukukhetha. Ndidikwe bubomi bezaphuli-mthetho ezidumileyo esele ndizazi ngentloko (ukuba ndikhe ndambona uTed Bundy ephinda ephuke umlenze ephuma ngefestile yethala leencwadi lentolongo, umntu uya kuphulukana nento exabiseke ngaphezu kweqatha), ndazintywilisela kolu lutsha. imowudi esezantsi yohlobo: iinkolo eziyityhefu. Abo bethu bebemazi uMfundisi uJim Jones - nangoku oyena mntu ubalaseleyo kulo mahluko - abasamangaliswa yiyo nantoni na, kodwa ndiye ndonwabela iminikelo yamva nje efana nethi 'The Vow' enika umdla.
sikangqingetye
Into enomdla kukuba, njengoko besesitshilo, 'i-Dahmer' ibe yimpumelelo epheleleyo, nokuba sele siyibonile ngokwaneleyo indlela yakhe. Kungekudala, kwifilimu egqwesileyo ethi 'Umhlobo Wam uDahmer', owenza ubhejo lokwenene. Kodwa apha akukho nto intsha kakhulu: ingeyiyo uvelwano kunye namaxhoba, okanye umgama nombulali, okanye ukubamba iintshayelelo zolwaphulo-mthetho ngalunye. Umthetho oyilwayo ukhethekile, ngaphandle koko ubungayi kuba yimpumelelo, kodwa njenge ulwaphulo-mthetho lokwenyaniayisamangalisi.
URyan Murphy ukumgangatho ophezulu kunye nomvelisi oguquguqukayo kakhulu, kodwa kakhulu, nto leyo ethetha ukuba ayizizo zonke iimveliso zayo ezinomahluko ofanayo. Ukuzinikela kwakhe ekubaleni amabali ulwaphulo-mthetho lokwenyani Oku kuye kwaphawulwa kuthotho olufana ne-'Dahmer' okanye, ewe, 'kwiBali loLwaphulo-mthetho laseMelika', kodwa nakwizinto zeyelenqe lothotho olwahlukileyo njenge'bali le-American Horror' okanye 'I-Andy Warhol Diaries'. UMurphy ngomnye wabantu abakhulu abanoxanduva kobu bunzima bukhawulezayo bolu hlobo.
Kwaye 'i-Dahmer' yi-canary nje emgodini. Ngaphandle kwezinto ezimbalwa, asibonanga iindlela ezintsha, ulwaphulo-mthetho olothusayo okanye iindlela ezingachulumancisi ixesha elide. Uninzi lwamaxwebhu athetha ngeentloko zabantu kude kude neshishini, kunye neendlela ezingeyonyani ziphinda zisebenzise izaphuli-mthetho eziphelelwe lixesha amashumi eminyaka. Ummangaliso sele uhambile, kwaye ukugcwala yinyaniso.
Kodwa kukho enye into, kwaye apha sibuyela kumbono obalaseleyo wobuqu. Xa ndafumanisa indlela yokubulawa kwabantu abaninzi, ukuntywila kwingqumbo yabo kwakufana nokukroba enzonzobileni, kubusuku obumnyama bomphefumlo, njengoko omnye watshoyo. Ukubonakaliswa ngamanye amaxesha kunoburhalarhume kwaye kudlamkile, ngamanye amaxesha kunobugocigoci kwaye kugcwele iinuancesmalunga nezinto ezimbi nezintsonkothileyo anokuthi umntu afikelele kuzo.
Nangona kunjalo, ubuninzi be ulwaphulo-mthetho lokwenyani kukhokelele ekugudiseni le miphetho: uhlobo lwangoku alunanto yakwenza nobukrwada kunye nokugqwetheka kweefilimu ezifana 'noHenry: Umfanekiso woMbulali' kwaye, ngokumangalisayo, uchungechunge olufana ne-'Dahmer' lwenziwa ukukholisa elona nani likhulu kwaye lifikeleleke kakhulu. . Umbono wakhe ngolwaphulo-mthetho, izaphuli-mthetho kunye nophando, oluyimfuneko, kufuneka lugalelwe amanzi-nto leyo isizisa kwezinye iingxoxo ezininzi ezifanayo ngokuziphatha kolu hlobo, kodwa lelinye ibali-: ulwaphulo-mthetho lokwenyani iye yafuywa ekhaya.
La ulwaphulo-mthetho lokwenyani ayiseyiyo imbonakalo yecala lethu elimnyama, kodwa I-akhawunti yokwetyisa yeziganeko: ayiseyiyo ipunk yohlobo lomcuphi, kodwa i-AOR yamadoda ahloniphekileyo.. Kwaye ngaba sikho isisombululo? Kutshanje ndibone uthotho oluncinci 'lweNjani yokungena eGadini' kwi-HBO Max, ingxelo yolwaphulo-mthetho oluyintsomi oluyinyani, egcwele ukuphambuka kwintelekelelo kunye nokuphambuka kwithowuni ehlekisayo kunye nengoma. Mhlawumbi kuba njalo, kanye...
SOURCE: Uphonononga Iindaba
Ungalibazisi ukwabelana ngenqaku lethu kwiinethiwekhi zentlalo ukusinika ukomelela okuqinileyo. 🍿