Anton Gildebrand
Uri kutsvaga yakanakisa yekushandisa system yekombuta yako? Usatsvage zvakare ! Muchikamu chino, tinokupa iwe iyo 10 yakanakisa masisitimu anoshanda ayo anozadzisa zvese zvaunoda.
Kuti ndiwe anotanga kana nyanzvi ine ruzivo, iwe zvechokwadi uchawana iyo inokodzera zvakanyanya zvaunotarisira.
Kubva kuUbuntu neMacOS kuenda kuFedora neSolaris, isu tinokuratidza zvakasarudzika mabhenefiti uye maficha ega ega anoshanda sisitimu. Saka gadzirira kuongorora iyo inonakidza nyika yeanoshanda masisitimu uye ita sarudzo yakakwana yekombuta yako.
Rega tikutungamirire pane dzakasiyana sarudzo uye uwane iyo yakakunakira iwe. Tevedza gwara kune gumi akanakisa ekushandisa masisitimu ekombuta yako!
Zviri mukati
1. Ubuntu: Sisitimu yekushandisa inokodzera munhu wese
Ubuntu pasina mubvunzo ndeimwe yeanonyanya kufarirwa uye anoshandiswa Linux kugovera munyika. Kuchinja-chinja kwayo uye kuchinjika kunoita kuti ive yakakodzera kune akasiyana marudzi evashandisi, angave mabhizinesi, masangano edzidzo kana vanhu. Kureruka kwayo kwekushandisa uye mushandisi-ushamwari zvinhu zvakakura zvinoita kuti zvitaridzike kune vese nyanzvi dzehunyanzvi uye manovice emakombuta.
Ubuntu inotsigirwa uye inogadziriswa neCanonical, kambani ine mukurumbira pasi rese software. Izvi zvinovimbisa vashandisi vayo tsigiro yakasimba yehunyanzvi uye kugara uchigadziridza kusangana nezvinodiwa zvetekinoroji.
Kana zvasvika kune chengetedzo, Ubuntu inopawo. Iyo inouya yakashongedzerwa ine yakasimba firewall uye yakavakirwa-mukati antivirus kuchengetedza vashandisi kubva kune zvinogona kutyisidzira. Pamusoro pezvo, Ubuntu inowanikwa mumitauro makumi mashanu, iyo inotaura nezvekuwanikwa kwayo uye kuwanikwa kune vateereri vepasirese.
Ubuntu inoratidzirwawo neayo anoshanda uye akazvipira mushandisi nharaunda. Iyi nharaunda inobatsira mukuenderera mberi kwekuvandudza sisitimu uye inopa rubatsiro rwakakosha kune vashandisi vatsva. Kunyangwe iwe uri kutsvaga sisitimu yekushandisa yebhizinesi rako, chikoro, kana kushandisa wega, Ubuntu isarudzo yakakodzera kufunga.
- Ubuntu ndeye Linux-yakavakirwa sisitimu yekushandisa yakakodzera marudzi ese evashandisi.
- Inotsigirwa nesoftware kambani Canonical, inovimbisa yakasimba tekinoroji rutsigiro.
- Yakashongedzerwa neakasimba ekuchengetedza matanho, anosanganisira firewall uye antivirus.
- Inowanikwa mumitauro makumi mashanu, zvichiita kuti pasi rose ivepo.
- Nharaunda inoshanda uye yakazvipira yevashandisi yekuenderera mberi kwekuvandudza sisitimu uye kutsigirwa kwevashandisi vatsva.
2. MacOS: Apple's exclusive operating system
macOS inopfuura kungoita sisitimu yekushandisa; ndiwo mwoyo chaiwo wemakomputa ese eApple, zvichiunza chiitiko chimwe chete kune vashandisi vayo. Yakagadzirwa uye yakagadziridzwa ne apuro, mumwe wevatungamiriri vepasirese mune tekinoroji, MacOS yakapinda mumusika muna 1998 uye kubvira ipapo yakatevedzana yakakosha kuvandudzwa uye kugadzirisa. Iyo yazvino vhezheni, macOS iri kuuya, chiratidzo chekuzvipira kunoenderera mberi kune kugona.
macOS inomira kunze nenhevedzano yehungwaru uye hutsva maficha. Izvi zvinosanganisira Smart Search, iyo inopa nekukurumidza uye nyore kuwana kune chaiwo mafaera uye maapplication. Yakarongwa kutumira maemail ndechimwe chinhu chakatanhamara, chinobvumira vashandisi kuronga kutaurirana kwavo kuti kutumirwe panguva yakatarwa. Chekupedzisira, kutsvaga mifananidzo yewebhu kuburikidza neSpotlight chishandiso chine simba chinogonesa kuwana zviwanikwa zvinoonekwa paInternet.
Pamusoro pezvimiro izvi, macOS inonyanya kufarirwa nekunaka kwayo uye intuitive interface. Iyo inoshanda sisitimu yakagadzirirwa kuunza yakatsetseka uye isina musono shanduko, ine yakatsetseka shanduko pakati pezvishandiso uye nyore kushandisa iyo inoita kuti komputa iwanikwe kune wese munhu, zvisinei nedanho rehunyanzvi.
- MacOS ndiyo yakasarudzika yeApple sisitimu yekushandisa, inopa yakasarudzika ruzivo kune vashandisi vayo.
- Inopa nhevedzano yeakangwara maficha, anosanganisira yakangwara kutsvaga, yakarongwa kutumira email uye webhu kutsvaga mufananidzo kuburikidza neSpotlight.
- macOS inozivikanwa nekunaka kwayo uye intuitive interface, ichipa yakatsetseka uye nyore-kuwana-mushandisi ruzivo.
3. Fedora: An OS yeEnterprise Work Environment
Inozivikanwa nekusimba kwayo uye kuchinjika, Fedora inomira kunze seLinux-yakavakirwa sisitimu yekushandisa inonyatso kuzadzisa zvinodikanwa zvenzvimbo dzebasa remakambani. Kukurumbira kwayo hakungopfuuri kune vane ruzivo ruzivo chete, asiwo kune vadzidzi vari kutsvaga kudzidza kuti inyanzvi yekushandisa system inoshanda sei.
Yakashongedzerwa izere sutu yeakavhurika-sosi maturusi, Fedora inopa yakapfuma maficha seti, zvichiita kuti zvive nyore kuita mabasa akasiyana siyana kubva pakutarisira faira kusvika kuhurongwa. Inopawo rutsigiro rwakakwana kune ane simba virtualization maturusi, ichiita iyi inoshanda sisitimu yakanyatsokodzera nharaunda dzinoda akawanda ekushandisa masisitimu kuti ashande panguva imwe chete.
Izvo zvinofanirwa kucherechedzwa kuti Fedora inogara ichigadziridzwa neazvino mavhezheni eLinux kernel, iyo inobvumira vashandisi kuti vabatsirwe kubva kune ichangoburwa tekinoroji kufambira mberi. Nharaunda yaro inoshanda yevashandisi uye vanogadzira zvakare inobatsira mukuenderera mberi kwekuvandudza sisitimu uye inopa rubatsiro rwakakosha kune vatsva.
- Fedora ndeye Linux-yakavakirwa sisitimu yekushandisa yakagadzirirwa bhizinesi nzvimbo dzebasa.
- Yakakurumbira pakati pevadzidzi nenyanzvi zvakafanana, nekuda kweiyo yakazara sutu yeakavhurika-sosi maturusi.
- Fedora inotsigira kushandiswa kwezvishandiso zvine simba zvekushandisa, izvo zvinoita kuti ive yakakodzera kune nharaunda dzinoda akawanda masisitimu anoshanda kuti ashande panguva imwe chete.
- Iyo sisitimu inogara ichigadziridzwa neazvino mavhezheni eLinux kernel, kuve nechokwadi chekuti vashandisi vanobatsirwa kubva kune ichangoburwa tekinoroji kufambira mberi.
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4. Solaris: A High-Performance UNIX Operating System
Solaris, yakagadziridzwa neSun Microsystems, ine simba UNIX-based operating system. Iyo inomira kunze kwemakwikwi neayo epamusoro uye matsva maficha akadai Dtrace, ZFS et Nguva Slider. Zvishandiso izvi zvinopa huwandu husati hwamboitika hwekutonga uye kuchinjika, zvichibvumira vashandisi kutarisa uye kuongorora mashandiro ehurongwa munguva chaiyo, kutonga masisitimu emafaira zvakanaka, uye kudzoreredza shanduro dzakapfuura dzemafaira zviri nyore.
Uyezve, Solaris anosimbisa kuchengeteka. Iyo inopa epasi-yemhando yekuchengetedza masevhisi, inovimbisa kuvanzika, kuvimbika uye kuwanikwa kwedata. Kune inyanzvi dzeIT uye mabhizinesi anotonga yakawanda data inonzwisisika, Solaris inzira inoyevedza.
Solaris zvakare inopenya munzvimbo yewebhu masevhisi uye dhatabhesi. Nekukwanisa kwayo kusingagumi kugadzirisa mafaira emasisitimu uye dhatabhesi, inoita zvakanyanya zvakanyanya kune makuru maapplication uye epamusoro-kuita mashandiro. Kunyangwe iwe uri maneja wedatabase, network injinjini, kana webhu kuvandudza, Solaris ane chimwe chinhu chekupa.
- Solaris ndeye UNIX-yakavakirwa sisitimu yekushandisa yakagadziriswa neSun Microsystems.
- Iyo inouya nemhando yepamusoro seDtrace, ZFS uye Nguva Slider.
- Solaris inozivikanwa nokuda kwayo-yepasi-yepamusoro kuchengetedza masevhisi.
- Yakanakira webhu masevhisi uye dhatabhesi nekuda kweiyo isina muganho kugona kubata mafaira masisitimu uye dhatabhesi.
- Solaris isarudzo yakasimba kune IT nyanzvi.
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5. CentOs: The Preferred Sarudzo yeVagadziri
CentOs, acronym ye Community Enterprise Operating System, ndeye yakavhurika-sosi Linux-yakavakirwa sisitimu yekushandisa iyo inorumbidzwa zvakanyanya nevagadziri pasi rese. Neiko kufarira kwakadaro? Zvakanaka, CentOs inozivikanwa nekupa macoders ane yakasimba uye yakavimbika chikuva kuvaka, kuyedza, uye kuburitsa kodhi yavo.
CentOs inouya neyepamberi networking, kuenderana, uye kuchengetedza maficha, zvichiita kuti ive sarudzo yepamusoro kune vanogadzira. Iyo inomira kunze kwekugadzikana kwayo kwakasarudzika, inova chinhu chakakosha kune chero munhu anoshanda mukuvandudza software. Chimwe chinhu chakatanhamara cheCentOs ndeye inoshanda uye inofarira mushandisi nharaunda. Vashandi veCentOs vanowanzogovana ruzivo rwavo uye zviitiko, vachipa rubatsiro rwakakosha kune avo vanosangana nematambudziko kana kutsvaga kuvandudza hunyanzvi hwavo.
Pamusoro pezvo, CentOs ine mukurumbira neyakajairwa kuchengetedza kuchengetedza uye hupenyu hurefu hwerutsigiro. Saka yakanakira nzvimbo dzinoda kugadzikana kwepamusoro uye kuwedzera kuchengetedzwa.
- CentOs ndeye yakavhurika-sosi Linux-yakavakirwa sisitimu inoshanda inowanzokurudzirwa kune vanogadzira.
- Inopa epamberi networking, kuenderana, uye kuchengetedza maficha, zvichiita kuti ive sarudzo yepamusoro kune vanogadzira.
- CentOs inozivikanwa nekugadzikana kwayo kwakasarudzika uye inoshanda uye inofarira mushandisi nharaunda.
- CentOs inozivikanwa zvakare neyakajairwa kuchengetedza kuchengetedza uye hupenyu hurefu hwekutsigirwa.
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6. Debian: A mushandisi-ushamwari uye ane simba Linux operating system
Debian Est UN Linux-based operating system, inozivikanwa nekusimba kwayo uye kuvimbika. Precompiled, inopa kuisirwa nyore, kunyangwe kumakombuta novices. Kureruka uku kwekuisa, pamwe chete neine intuitive mushandisi interface, inoita kuti Debian ive sarudzo yakanaka kune avo vanotora nhanho dzavo dzekutanga muLinux universe.
Panyaya yekuita, Debian inomira kunze kubva kune mamwe maLinux anoshanda masisitimu ekumhanya kwayo. Iyo yakagadziridzwa kuti ive nechokwadi chekushandisa kwakanaka kwesystem zviwanikwa, zvichikutendera iwe kuti unakirwe yakatsetseka uye nekukurumidza kubhurawuza ruzivo. Iyi ndiyo mukana mukuru kune vashandisi vanoshanda pamapurojekiti anoda simba rakawanda rekugadzirisa.
Panyaya yekuchengeteka, Debian haina mutsauko. Yakapiwa akavakirwa-mukati firewalls kuchengetedza data rako rakakosha. Iyi ficha, pamwe chete neyakajairwa kuchengetedza kuchengetedza, inopa dziviriro yakasimba kubva kune zvinogona kutyisidzira, zvichiita kuti Debian ive sarudzo yakachengeteka yevashandisi vanoziva kuchengetedza.
- Debian yakasimba uye yakavimbika Linux inoshanda sisitimu iri nyore kuisa uye kushandisa.
- Inopa peak performance ne optimized use of system resources.
- Iyo inoshongedzerwa neakavakirwa-mukati mafirewall uye yakajairwa chengetedzo inogadziridza kuitira kuchengetedzwa kwakaringana kubva pakutyisidzira.
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7. Windows: Iyo intuitive uye yakakurumbira interface
Windows, yakagadziridzwa uye yakagoverwa neMicrosoft, inozivikanwa nezvayo intuitive uye yakakurumbira mushandisi interface. Kuzivikanwa kwayo kunogona kuve kwakakonzerwa nekureruka kwayo kwekushandisa iyo inokodzera marudzi ese evashandisi kubva kumanovices kune IT nyanzvi.
Panyaya yekuchengeteka, Windows inopa multi-factor authentication tekinoroji, kuve nechokwadi chekuchengetedzwa kwakasimba kwedata uye ruzivo rwemunhu. Iyi ficha inonyanya kukosha munyika yanhasi yedhijitari uko cybersecurity iri kunetsa zvakanyanya.
Chimwe chinhu chinoshamisa cheWindows kugona kwayo otomatiki compress system mafaera. Izvi zvinobatsira kudzikisa tsoka yekuchengetedza, nekudaro kuvandudza mashandiro uye kugona kweiyo inoshanda sisitimu.
Windows inewo chinhu chinonzi Basa Kuona, iyo inobvumira vashandisi kushandura zviri nyore pakati penzvimbo dzakawanda dzekushanda. Iyi ficha inonyanya kuendera kune multitasking vashandisi vanoda kubata nemazvo akawanda mabasa panguva imwe chete.
- Windows inozivikanwa neine intuitive uye yakakurumbira mushandisi interface, yakakodzera vashandisi vemarudzi ese.
- Inopa akawanda-factor authentication matekinoroji ekudzivirira kwakasimba data.
- Windows ine kugona kudzvanya system mafaera otomatiki, ichibvumira kushandiswa kwakanaka kwenzvimbo yekuchengetedza.
- Windows Task View inonyanya kubatsira kune multitasking vashandisi, ichivabvumira kushandura zviri nyore pakati penzvimbo dzakawanda dzekushanda.
| Windows | Zuva rekuburitsa |
| Windows 1.0 | 20 novembre 1985 |
| Windows 2.x | 1 novembre 1987 |
| Windows 3.x | 22 May 1990 |
| Windows 95 | Nyamavhuvhu 24, 1995 |
| Windows XP | 25 octobre 2001 |
| Windows Vista | January 30 2007 |
| Windows 7 | July 21 2009 |
| Windows 8 | 26 octobre 2012 |
| Windows 10 | July 29 2015 |
| Windows 11 | 24 juin 2021 |
8. Kali Linux: Iyo chengetedzo-yakatarisana distro
Pachinzvimbo chechisere, tine Kali Linux, kugoverwa kweGNU/Linux iyo yakagadzirwa zvakananga nekusimbisa kuchengeteka. Kubva pamidzi yakasimba yeDebian, Kali Linux yasimuka sechikuva chekucheka-chepamusoro chekuyedza kupinda uye kuongororwa kwekuchengetedza. Uku kugovera, kwakashongedzerwa nearsenal yeanopfuura mazana matanhatu ezvirongwa zvakatsaurirwa, ichengetedzo chaiyo yevashandi vekuchengetedza komputa.
Pamusoro pezvishandiso zvayo zvakasiyana-siyana, Kali Linux zvakare inogoneka zvakanyanya. Vashandisi vanogona kugadzirisa nharaunda yedesktop zvinoenderana nezvavanofarira, izvo zvinoita kuti Kali Linux isangova nesimba, asi zvakare inoshanduka. Uyezve, inopa kuenderana kwakakura nehuwandu hwemidziyo yehardware, nekudaro ichiva nechokwadi chehunyanzvi hwemushandisi.
Imwe mukana weKali Linux kuzvipira kwayo kune yakavhurika sosi nharaunda. Inopa mukana wemahara kuraibhurari yayo yakakura yezviwanikwa, kusanganisira nhanho-ne-nhanho tutorials uye madhairekitori ekubatsira vashandisi kufamba nenyika yakaoma yekuchengetedzwa kwekombuta. Ichi ndicho chikonzero Kali Linux inowanzova sarudzo inosarudzwa yevashandi vekuchengetedza uye vanofarira tekinoroji vanoda kudzamisa ruzivo rwavo mundima iyi.
- Kali Linux ndeye chengetedzo-yakatarisana distro ine pamusoro pe600 yekupinda yekuyedza uye kuchengetedza maturusi ekuongorora.
- Inopa kuchinjika kukuru uye kugadzirisa, pamwe nekuenderana kwakakura neakasiyana mahardware zvishandiso.
- Kali Linux yakazvipira kunharaunda yakavhurika sosi, ichipa mukana wemahara kune hupfumi hwezvidzidzo zvekushandisa.
9. Chrome OS: Chigadzirwa cheGoogle chakavakirwa paLinux kernel
Chrome OS, Google's flagship software, inovimba neLinux kernel kuti ipe yakagadziridzwa mushandisi ruzivo. Iine chimiro chayo chikuru chakavakirwa paChrome browser, inozivikanwa nekumhanya kwayo uye kureruka, Chrome OS inomira pachena nekuda kwekushandisa kwayo uye nekubatanidzwa kwayo kusina musono neGoogle ecosystem.
Rimwe remasimba makuru eChrome OS kugona kwayo kupa mukana kune maapplication ari kure uye chaiwo desktops. Iyi ficha inonyanya kukosha kune nyanzvi dziri kufamba kana vadzidzi vanoda kuwana basa ravo chero nguva, chero kupi.
Asi Chrome OS haina kugumira pane izvi. Inobvumirawo kumhanya Linux application uye inoenderana neese maAroid application. Kunyangwe iwe uri mugadziri anotarisa kuti uedze maapuro ako kana mushandisi weAroid ari kutsvaga kunakidzwa nemaapuro aunofarira pane hombe skrini, Chrome OS yakakufukidza.
Nekuda kweizvi, Chrome OS inopa yakanakisa mushandisi ruzivo rwevashandisi veGoogle. Inosanganisa kureruka uye kumhanya kweChrome nekushanduka uye simba reLinux kernel, zvese zviri nyore kushandisa uye zvakanyanya customizable package.
- Chrome OS yakavakirwa paLinux kernel, iyo inopa kuchinjika kukuru uye kuwedzera simba.
- Iyo inoshandisa Chrome browser senge yayo huru interface, nekudaro ichipa kukurumidza uye nyore mushandisi ruzivo.
- Chrome OS inopa mukana wekushandisa kure kure uye chaiwo desktops, chinhu chakakosha chehunyanzvi uye vadzidzi.
- Iyo inobvumira kumhanyisa Linux maapplication uye inoenderana neese maapplication eAroid, zvichiita kuti ive sarudzo inoyevedza yevagadziri veAndroid nevashandisi.
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FAQs & Mushandisi Mibvunzo
Iwo epamusoro gumi anoshanda masisitimu ekombuta ndeaya Ubuntu, MacOS, Fedora, Solaris, CentOS, Debian, Windows, Kali Linux uye Chrome OS.
