Anton Gildebrand
Kodi mukuyang'ana njira yabwino kwambiri yopangira kompyuta yanu? Osasakanso! M'nkhaniyi, tikukufotokozerani machitidwe 10 abwino kwambiri omwe angakwaniritse zosowa zanu zonse.
Kuti ndiwe woyamba kapena katswiri wodziwa, mudzapeza yomwe ikugwirizana bwino ndi zomwe mukuyembekezera.
Kuchokera ku Ubuntu ndi MacOS kupita ku Fedora ndi Solaris, tikuwonetsani maubwino ndi mawonekedwe amtundu uliwonse. Chifukwa chake konzekerani kufufuza dziko losangalatsa la machitidwe ogwiritsira ntchito ndikupanga chisankho chabwino pakompyuta yanu.
Tiloleni tikutsogolereni pazosankha zosiyanasiyana ndikupeza yomwe ili yoyenera kwa inu. Tsatirani kalozera ku machitidwe 10 abwino kwambiri pakompyuta yanu!
Zamkatimu
1. Ubuntu: Dongosolo lothandizira aliyense
Ubuntu Mosakayikira ndi imodzi mwamagawidwe otchuka komanso ogwiritsidwa ntchito a Linux padziko lapansi. Kusinthasintha kwake komanso kusinthasintha kwake kumapangitsa kuti ikhale yoyenera kwa ogwiritsa ntchito osiyanasiyana, kaya mabizinesi, mabungwe amaphunziro kapena anthu. Kugwiritsa ntchito kwake kosavuta komanso kugwiritsa ntchito bwino ndizinthu zazikulu zomwe zimapangitsa kuti zikhale zokopa kwa akatswiri aukadaulo komanso odziwa zamakompyuta.
Ubuntu imathandizidwa ndikupangidwa ndi Canonical, kampani yodziwika padziko lonse lapansi yamapulogalamu. Izi zimatsimikizira ogwiritsa ntchito ake chithandizo champhamvu chaukadaulo ndikusintha pafupipafupi kuti akwaniritse zofunikira zaukadaulo.
Zikafika pachitetezo, Ubuntu amaperekanso. Imabwera ili ndi chowotcha moto cholimba komanso antivayirasi yomangidwa kuti iteteze ogwiritsa ntchito ku zoopsa zomwe zingachitike. Kuphatikiza apo, Ubuntu imapezeka m'zilankhulo 50 zosiyanasiyana, zomwe zimalankhula za kupezeka kwake komanso kupezeka kwa omvera padziko lonse lapansi.
Ubuntu imadziwikanso ndi gulu lake lodzipereka komanso lodzipereka. Derali limathandizira kuwongolera mosalekeza kwadongosolo komanso limapereka chithandizo chofunikira kwa ogwiritsa ntchito atsopano. Kaya mukuyang'ana makina ogwiritsira ntchito bizinesi yanu, sukulu, kapena ntchito yanu, Ubuntu ndiye chisankho choyenera kuganizira.
- Ubuntu ndi makina ogwiritsira ntchito Linux omwe ali oyenera kwa mitundu yonse ya ogwiritsa ntchito.
- Mothandizidwa ndi kampani ya mapulogalamu Canonical, kutsimikizira chithandizo cholimba chaukadaulo.
- Zokhala ndi njira zotetezera zolimba, kuphatikiza ma firewall ndi antivayirasi.
- Likupezeka m'zilankhulo 50, kuwonetsetsa kuti likupezeka padziko lonse lapansi.
- Gulu la ogwiritsa ntchito komanso odzipereka kuti apititse patsogolo kukonza kwadongosolo ndikuthandizira ogwiritsa ntchito atsopano.
2. MacOS: Makina ogwiritsira ntchito a Apple okha
macOS ndi zambiri kuposa makina ogwiritsira ntchito; ndiye mtima weniweni wa makompyuta onse a Apple, kubweretsa zochitika zamtundu umodzi kwa ogwiritsa ntchito. Zopangidwa ndikupangidwa ndi apulo, m'modzi mwa atsogoleri padziko lonse lapansi paukadaulo, MacOS adalowa mumsika mu 1998 ndipo adakumana ndi zosintha zambiri komanso zosintha. Mtundu waposachedwa, macOS Ventura, ndi umboni wa kudzipereka kosalekeza kwa kuchita bwino.
MacOS imadziwika ndi mndandanda wazinthu zanzeru komanso zatsopano. Izi zikuphatikiza Kusaka Kwanzeru, komwe kumakupatsani mwayi wofikira mafayilo ndi mapulogalamu ena mwachangu komanso mosavuta. Kutumiza maimelo omwe adakonzedwa ndi chinthu chinanso chodziwika bwino, chomwe chimalola ogwiritsa ntchito kukonza mauthenga awo kuti atumizidwe panthawi inayake. Pomaliza, kusaka zithunzi zapaintaneti kudzera pa Spotlight ndi chida champhamvu chomwe chimathandizira kuti anthu aziwoneka pa intaneti.
Kuphatikiza pa izi, macOS imayamikiridwa kwambiri chifukwa cha mawonekedwe ake okongola komanso mwachilengedwe. Makina ogwiritsira ntchito adapangidwa kuti apereke chidziwitso chosavuta komanso chopanda msoko, ndikusintha kosalala pakati pa mapulogalamu ndi kugwiritsa ntchito kosavuta komwe kumapangitsa kuti makompyuta azipezeka kwa aliyense, mosasamala kanthu za luso.
- MacOS ndi makina ogwiritsira ntchito a Apple okha, omwe amapereka mwayi wapadera kwa ogwiritsa ntchito ake.
- Imakhala ndi zinthu zingapo zanzeru, kuphatikiza kusaka mwanzeru, kutumiza maimelo omwe adakonzedwa komanso kusaka zithunzi pa intaneti kudzera pa Spotlight.
- MacOS imadziwika chifukwa cha mawonekedwe ake okongola komanso owoneka bwino, opatsa ogwiritsa ntchito mosavuta komanso osavuta kugwiritsa ntchito.
3. Fedora: Os kwa Enterprise Work Environment
Imadziwika chifukwa cha kulimba kwake komanso kusinthasintha, Fedora imawonekera ngati makina opangira Linux omwe amakwaniritsa bwino zomwe makampani amagwirira ntchito. Kutchuka kwake sikumangofikira akatswiri odziwa ntchito, komanso kwa ophunzira omwe akufuna kuphunzira momwe makina ogwirira ntchito amagwirira ntchito.
Yokhala ndi zida zonse zotseguka, Fedora imapereka mawonekedwe olemera, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti zikhale zosavuta kukwaniritsa ntchito zosiyanasiyana kuyambira pakuwongolera mafayilo mpaka kupanga mapulogalamu. Imaperekanso chithandizo chokwanira pazida zamphamvu za virtualization, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti makina ogwiritsira ntchitowa akhale oyenera kwambiri m'malo omwe amafunikira machitidwe angapo ogwiritsira ntchito nthawi imodzi.
Tiyenera kudziwa kuti Fedora imasinthidwa pafupipafupi ndi ma Linux kernel, omwe amalola ogwiritsa ntchito kupindula ndi kupita patsogolo kwaukadaulo. Gulu lake logwira ntchito la ogwiritsa ntchito ndi omwe akupanga nawo amathandiziranso kuwongolera mosalekeza kwa dongosololi ndipo limapereka chithandizo chofunikira kwa obwera kumene.
- Fedora ndi makina ogwiritsira ntchito a Linux opangidwira malo ogwira ntchito.
- Ndizodziwika pakati pa ophunzira ndi akatswiri omwe, chifukwa cha zida zake zonse zotsegula.
- Fedora imathandizira kugwiritsa ntchito zida zamphamvu zowonera, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti zikhale zoyenera kwa malo omwe amafunikira machitidwe angapo ogwiritsira ntchito nthawi imodzi.
- Dongosololi limasinthidwa pafupipafupi ndi mitundu yaposachedwa ya Linux kernel, kuwonetsetsa kuti ogwiritsa ntchito amapindula ndi kupita patsogolo kwaukadaulo kwaposachedwa.
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4. Solaris: Njira Yapamwamba Yogwiritsira Ntchito UNIX
Solaris, yopangidwa ndi Sun Microsystems, ndi njira yamphamvu yogwiritsira ntchito UNIX. Zimasiyana ndi mpikisano ndi zinthu zake zapamwamba komanso zatsopano monga Dtrace, ZFS et Nthawi Slider. Zida zimenezi zimapereka mlingo wosaneneka wa kulamulira ndi kusinthasintha, kulola ogwiritsa ntchito kuyang'anira ndi kusanthula machitidwe a dongosolo mu nthawi yeniyeni, kuyang'anira machitidwe a mafayilo bwino, ndikubwezeretsanso mafayilo akale mosavuta.
Kuphatikiza apo, Solaris amagogomezera chitetezo. Amapereka chitetezo chapamwamba padziko lonse lapansi, kutsimikizira chinsinsi, kukhulupirika komanso kupezeka kwa data. Kwa akatswiri a IT ndi mabizinesi omwe amayang'anira zambiri zachinsinsi, Solaris ndi njira yabwino.
Solaris imawalanso m'dera la mawebusayiti ndi nkhokwe. Pokhala ndi mphamvu zopanda malire zoyendetsera machitidwe a mafayilo ndi ma database, zimagwira ntchito bwino makamaka pamapulogalamu akuluakulu ndi ntchito zapamwamba. Kaya ndinu woyang'anira nkhokwe, injiniya wa netiweki, kapena wopanga masamba, Solaris ali ndi zomwe angapereke.
- Solaris ndi makina ogwiritsira ntchito a UNIX opangidwa ndi Sun Microsystems.
- Imabwera ndi zinthu zapamwamba monga Dtrace, ZFS ndi Time Slider.
- Solaris amadziwika chifukwa cha ntchito zake zachitetezo padziko lonse lapansi.
- Ndi yabwino kwa mautumiki apaintaneti ndi nkhokwe chifukwa cha mphamvu zake zopanda malire zowongolera mafayilo amafayilo ndi nkhokwe.
- Solaris ndi chisankho cholimba kwa akatswiri a IT.
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5. CentOs: Chisankho Chokondedwa cha Madivelopa
CentOs, chidule cha Community Enterprise Operating System, ndi makina otsegulira a Linux omwe amayamikiridwa kwambiri ndi opanga padziko lonse lapansi. N'chifukwa chiyani chidwi choterechi? Chabwino, CentOs amadziwika popereka ma coders okhala ndi nsanja yolimba komanso yodalirika yomanga, kuyesa, ndi kumasula ma code awo.
CentOs imabwera ndi maukonde apamwamba, kugwirizanitsa, ndi chitetezo, zomwe zimapangitsa kukhala chisankho chapamwamba kwa omanga. Zimadziwikiratu chifukwa cha kukhazikika kwake kwapadera, chomwe ndi chinthu chofunikira kwa aliyense wogwira ntchito yopanga mapulogalamu. Chinthu chinanso chodziwika bwino cha CentOs ndi gulu la ogwiritsa ntchito komanso okonda. Ogwiritsa ntchito a CentOs nthawi zambiri amagawana zomwe akudziwa komanso zomwe akumana nazo, kupereka chithandizo chofunikira kwa iwo omwe akukumana ndi mavuto kapena kufunafuna kuwongolera luso lawo.
Kuphatikiza apo, CentOs imadziwika chifukwa cha zosintha zake pafupipafupi zachitetezo komanso moyo wautali wothandizira. Choncho ndi abwino kwa malo omwe amafunikira kukhazikika kwakukulu komanso chitetezo chowonjezereka.
- CentOs ndi makina otsegulira a Linux omwe nthawi zambiri amalimbikitsidwa kwa opanga.
- Imapereka maukonde apamwamba, kuyanjana, ndi mawonekedwe achitetezo, ndikupangitsa kukhala chisankho chapamwamba kwa opanga.
- CentOs imadziwika chifukwa cha kukhazikika kwake komanso gulu lake lachangu komanso lokonda ogwiritsa ntchito.
- CentOs ndiwodziwikanso chifukwa cha zosintha zake zachitetezo pafupipafupi komanso moyo wautali wothandizira.
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6. Debian: Dongosolo losavuta kugwiritsa ntchito komanso lamphamvu la Linux
Debian Est wo- Linux-based operating system, yodziŵika chifukwa cha kulimba kwake ndi kudalirika kwake. Precompiled, amapereka unsembe zosavuta, ngakhale kompyuta novices. Kuyika uku kosavuta, komanso mawonekedwe osavuta ogwiritsira ntchito, kumapangitsa Debian kukhala chisankho chabwino kwa iwo omwe akutenga njira zawo zoyambira ku Linux.
Pankhani ya magwiridwe antchito, Debian ndi wosiyana ndi machitidwe ena a Linux chifukwa cha liwiro lake. Zimakonzedwa kuti zitsimikizire kugwiritsa ntchito moyenera zida zamakina, kukulolani kuti muzisangalala ndikusakatula mwachangu komanso kosavuta. Uwu ndi mwayi waukulu kwa ogwiritsa ntchito omwe amagwira ntchito pama projekiti omwe amafunikira mphamvu zambiri zopangira.
Pankhani ya chitetezo, Debian ndizosiyana. Ilo linapatsidwa zozimitsa moto zomangidwa kuteteza deta yanu yamtengo wapatali. Izi, pamodzi ndi zosintha zachitetezo nthawi zonse, zimapereka chitetezo cholimba ku ziwopsezo zomwe zingachitike, ndikupangitsa Debian kukhala chisankho chotetezeka kwa ogwiritsa ntchito osamala zachitetezo.
- Debian ndi njira yodalirika komanso yodalirika ya Linux yomwe ndiyosavuta kukhazikitsa ndikugwiritsa ntchito.
- Imapereka magwiridwe antchito apamwamba kwambiri pogwiritsa ntchito zida zamakina.
- Ili ndi ma firewall omangidwira komanso zosintha zachitetezo pafupipafupi kuti zitetezedwe ku zoopsa.
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7. Mawindo: The mwachilengedwe ndi otchuka mawonekedwe
Windows, yopangidwa ndi kufalitsidwa ndi Microsoft, imadziwika ndi zake mawonekedwe mwachilengedwe komanso otchuka ogwiritsa ntchito. Kutchuka kwake kungabwere chifukwa chosavuta kugwiritsa ntchito komwe kumagwirizana ndi mitundu yonse ya ogwiritsa ntchito kuyambira oyambira mpaka akatswiri a IT.
Pankhani ya chitetezo, Windows imapereka matekinoloje otsimikizira zinthu zambiri, kuonetsetsa chitetezo champhamvu cha deta ndi zambiri zaumwini. Izi ndizothandiza kwambiri masiku ano a digito pomwe chitetezo cha pa intaneti ndichodetsa nkhawa kwambiri.
Chinthu china chochititsa chidwi cha Windows ndi kuthekera kwake basi compress system owona. Izi zimathandizira kuchepetsa kusungirako, potero kuwongolera magwiridwe antchito ndi magwiridwe antchito.
Windows ilinso ndi gawo lotchedwa Task View, yomwe imalola ogwiritsa ntchito kusintha mosavuta pakati pa malo angapo ogwirira ntchito. Izi ndizosavuta makamaka kwa ogwiritsa ntchito ambiri omwe akufuna kuyang'anira bwino ntchito zingapo nthawi imodzi.
- Windows imadziwika ndi mawonekedwe ake osavuta komanso otchuka, oyenera ogwiritsa ntchito amitundu yonse.
- Imapereka matekinoloje otsimikizira zinthu zambiri kuti atetezere deta mwamphamvu.
- Windows ili ndi kuthekera kokanikizira mafayilo amachitidwe okha, kulola kugwiritsa ntchito bwino malo osungira.
- Windows Task View ndiyothandiza makamaka kwa ogwiritsa ntchito zambiri, kuwalola kuti asinthe pakati pa malo angapo ogwirira ntchito.
| Windows | Tsiku lotulutsa |
| Windows 1.0 | 20 novembre 1985 |
| Mawindo 2.x | 1 novembre 1987 |
| Mawindo 3.x | 22 Mai 1990 |
| Windows 95 | Ogasiti 24, 1995 |
| Windows XP | 25 octobre 2001 |
| Windows Vista | January 30 2007 |
| Windows 7 | July 21 2009 |
| Windows 8 | 26 octobre 2012 |
| Windows 10 | July 29 2015 |
| Windows 11 | 24 2021 June |
8. Kali Linux: Distro yolunjika pachitetezo
Pamalo achisanu ndi chitatu, tatero Kali Linux, kugawa kwa GNU/Linux komwe kunapangidwa makamaka ndikugogomezera chitetezo. Kuchokera ku mizu yolimba ya Debian, Kali Linux yayamba ngati nsanja yodutsamo kuyesa kulowa ndikuwunika chitetezo. Kugawa kumeneku, kokhala ndi zida za mapulogalamu odzipatulira opitilira 600, ndi chitetezo chenicheni kwa akatswiri achitetezo apakompyuta.
Kuphatikiza pa zida zake zambiri, Kali Linux imakhalanso yosinthika kwambiri. Ogwiritsa ntchito amatha kusintha malo apakompyuta malinga ndi zomwe amakonda, zomwe zimapangitsa Kali Linux kukhala yamphamvu, komanso yosinthika. Kuphatikiza apo, imapereka kuyanjana kwakukulu ndi zida zambiri za Hardware, kuwonetsetsa kuti wosuta azigwiritsa ntchito bwino.
Ubwino wina wa Kali Linux ndikudzipereka kwake kugulu lotseguka. Amapereka mwayi wofikira ku laibulale yake yayikulu yazinthu, kuphatikiza maphunziro a tsatane-tsatane ndi maupangiri othandizira ogwiritsa ntchito kuyang'ana dziko lovuta lachitetezo cha makompyuta. Ichi ndichifukwa chake Kali Linux nthawi zambiri imakhala chisankho chokondedwa kwa akatswiri achitetezo ndi okonda ukadaulo omwe akufuna kukulitsa chidziwitso chawo pantchito iyi.
- Kali Linux ndi distro yoyang'ana pachitetezo yokhala ndi zoyeserera zopitilira 600 ndi zida zowunikira chitetezo.
- Imapereka kusinthasintha kwakukulu ndi kusinthika, komanso kuyanjana kwakukulu ndi zipangizo zosiyanasiyana za hardware.
- Kali Linux yadzipereka ku gulu lotseguka, kupereka mwayi wopeza chuma chambiri chamaphunziro.
9. Chrome OS: Zogulitsa za Google zochokera pa Linux kernel
Chrome OS, pulogalamu yodziwika bwino ya Google, imadalira Linux kernel kuti ipereke mwayi wogwiritsa ntchito bwino. Ndi mawonekedwe ake akuluakulu ozikidwa pa msakatuli wa Chrome, wodziwika chifukwa cha liwiro lake komanso kuphweka, Chrome OS imadziwika chifukwa chosavuta kugwiritsa ntchito komanso kuphatikiza kwake kosagwirizana ndi chilengedwe cha Google.
Imodzi mwamphamvu zazikulu za Chrome OS ndikutha kwake kupereka mwayi wofikira ku mapulogalamu akutali ndi ma desktops enieni. Izi ndizofunikira makamaka kwa akatswiri popita kapena ophunzira omwe amafunikira mwayi wopeza ntchito yawo nthawi iliyonse, kulikonse.
Koma Chrome OS sichimangokhala pa izi. Imalolezanso kugwiritsa ntchito Linux ndipo imagwirizana ndi mapulogalamu onse a Android. Kaya ndinu wopanga mapulogalamu omwe mukufuna kuyesa mapulogalamu anu kapena wogwiritsa ntchito wa Android yemwe akufuna kusangalala ndi mapulogalamu omwe mumakonda pa sikirini yayikulu, Chrome OS yakuphimbani.
Chifukwa cha izi, Chrome OS imapereka mawonekedwe abwino kwambiri kwa ogwiritsa ntchito a Google. Zimaphatikiza kuphweka ndi kuthamanga kwa Chrome ndi kusinthasintha ndi mphamvu ya Linux kernel, zonse mu phukusi losavuta kugwiritsa ntchito komanso losinthika kwambiri.
- Chrome OS imachokera ku Linux kernel, yomwe imapatsa kusinthasintha kwakukulu komanso mphamvu yowonjezera.
- Imagwiritsa ntchito msakatuli wa Chrome monga mawonekedwe ake akuluakulu, motero imapereka chidziwitso chachangu komanso chosavuta.
- Chrome OS imapereka mwayi wopeza mapulogalamu akutali ndi ma desktops enieni, chinthu chofunikira kwa akatswiri ndi ophunzira.
- Imalola kugwiritsa ntchito Linux ndipo imagwirizana ndi mapulogalamu onse a Android, ndikupangitsa kuti ikhale njira yabwino kwa opanga Android ndi ogwiritsa ntchito.
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FAQs & Mafunso Ogwiritsa Ntchito
Makina 10 apamwamba kwambiri apakompyuta ndi Ubuntu, MacOS, Fedora, Solaris, CentOS, Debian, Windows, Kali Linux ndi Chrome OS.
