IyaEst ayiqhelekanga ukufumana kumbhalo-ngqangi omnye abaninzi iintlobo umhombiso. Omnye wahlula ubukhulu becala imiboniso engokomfanekiso, iingoma zokuhombisa kuphela kunye noonobumba bokuqala.
Yintoni umsebenzi wesikhanyisi? Ngebrashi kunye nosiba, iisikhanyisi uzobe aze afake imibala koonobumba bokuqala kunye nezihombiso zemibhalo-ngqangi yonqulo okanye yehlabathi. Umzobo Est yenziwe ngemibala yendalo, yona Est ngamanye amaxesha aphuculwe ngegolide okanye iqabunga lesilivere, elisetyenziswe kumaphepha obugcisa obuhle okanye izikhumba.
Zifana ngantoni izikhanyiso kunye nencinci?
Khanyisa Est ubugcisa bokuzoba nokupeyinta kwimibhalo-ngqangi okanye ezincwadini. VS'Est ubugcisa obunemibala, ngokwesiseko samaxesha aphakathi. I Encinaneyena, Est umzobo ozimeleyo wemilinganiselo emincinci, eya kusinda kwincwadi ukuba ibe ngumsebenzi wobugcisa ngokwayo, ingathobeli nayiphi na ikhowudi.
Zeziphi izixhobo zesikhanyisi?
Iintsiba ze-goose, i-pheasant, i-raven, i-turkey, ukhozi, umzekelo, zazisetyenziselwa ukubhala. Iintsiba zesinyithi zezokusetyenziswa "zangoku" (XIX °) nangona yaqalwa kwakudala kakhulu (ukufunyanwa kweentsiba zobhedu ngexesha lokwembiwa kwindawo yakudala).
Yintoni i-drop cap kwi-Middle Ages?
Une lahla ikepusi Imbali, ekwabizwa ngokuba yincwadi yembali, ngaloo ndlela qu'imbali yokuqala Est unobumba obalisayo obumbeneyo owenza omnye weyona miba yoqobo yoyilo Kwiminyaka ephakathi. Yena Est yahluliwe, yandiswa ukusuka kumzimba wesicatshulwa kwaye ihlala ibekwe kuqala.
Yintoni ukhanyiso?
L 'isikhanyisi, ngenye indlela ebizwa ngokuba yi-primer ekhanyayo, iphucula ibala elimnyama nelibuhlungu kakhulu. Imveliso yokwenyani eyimfuneko yokufumana i-make-up ekhanyayo, iqaqambisa iindawo ezithile zobuso ngelixa ifihla imiqondiso emininzi yokudinwa ngenxa yomdlalo ochuliweyo wezithunzi kunye nezibane.
Yintoni i-drop cap kwi-Middle Ages?
Une lahla ikepusi Imbali, ekwabizwa ngokuba yincwadi yembali, ngaloo ndlela qu'imbali yokuqala Est unobumba obalisayo obumbeneyo owenza omnye weyona miba yoqobo yoyilo Kwiminyaka ephakathi. Yena Est yahluliwe, yandiswa ukusuka kumzimba wesicatshulwa kwaye ihlala ibekwe kuqala.
Zeziphi iimpawu zesikhanyiso samaxesha aphakathi?
Isetyenziselwa ukuhombisa iphepha kunye nesicatshulwa. Oku kunokuba ngumzekelo womda owenziwe ngeentyatyambo kunye neepateni zezityalo, i-tracery (i-intertwined abstract pattern). Unobumba unombala nje (odla ngokuba bomvu) ukuphawula ukuqala kwesahluko okanye umhlathi omtsha.
Yiyiphi i-calligraphy eyayisetyenziswa kwimibhalo-ngqangi yamaxesha aphakathi?
Imibhalo yayibhalwe ngosiba; ukuzenza, thina ebesebenzisa iintsiba zamarhanisi, amadada okanye ezinye iintaka.
Lithini igama le drop cap emele izilwanyana okanye izidalwa?
(→) kunye noonobumba abapeyintiweyo (i amagama okuqala). Ukongezelela, sithi i-bestiary ngumsebenzi onikezelwe kwizilwanyana.
Zenziwa njani izikhanyiso?
Isetyenziselwa ukuhombisa iphepha kunye nesicatshulwa. Oku kunokuba ngumzekelo womda owenziwe ngeentyatyambo kunye neepateni zezityalo, i-tracery (i-intertwined abstract pattern). Unobumba unombala nje (odla ngokuba bomvu) ukuphawula ukuqala kwesahluko okanye umhlathi omtsha.
Kusetyenziswa nini i-drop cap?
Ukusetyenziswa nini amagama okuqala ?
- izicatshulwa zobude obuthile: ziya kuzikhupha emoyeni ngelixa zibanika amandla.
- uyilo apho okubhaliweyo kuhlala kungundoqo: i lahla ikepusi izakugcwalisa isithuba esibonwayo.
Yintoni i-drop cap kwisayensi yekhompyuter?
Unobumba wokuqala omkhulu wesahluko esinobungakanani Est inkulu kuneso sonke isicatshulwa.
Uyenza njani i-cap yokulahla kwiMicrosoft Word?
Khetha unobumba wokuqala womhlathi, emva koko sebenzisa iFomathi, Ileta yokuqala. Bonisa ukuba uyafuna na i lahla ikepusi mhlawumbi ifakwe kumbhalo (eyona meko ixhaphakileyo), okanye emdeni.
Kutheni izikhanyiso ziphela?
L 'isikhanyiso yindlela yokuzoba imifanekiso yemibhalo-ngqangi ngoobumba abancinane okanye abahonjisiweyo. Uvela ngo-7e kwinkulungwane kodwa ubalekela ngokuthe ngcembe ngophuhliso loshicilelo, kwi-16e kwinkulungwane. ... Ukususela kumaXesha Aphakathi okuqala, iisikhanyiso inomfanekiso ophindwe kabini kunye nomsebenzi wokuhombisa.
Yiyiphi indlela yokubhala eyayifanele isetyenziswe ziimonki zabakhupheli kumaXesha Aphakathi?
Les Imoemo phantse ngabo kuphela abaqhuba esi siko. Kwiskriptoria (kwisinye: scriptorium, iindibano zocweyo zeyokubhala izindlu zoonongendi), bavelisa iincwadi ezibhalwe ngesandla. Ngoku sibhala kwisikhumba, esinamandla ngakumbi kunompapiri, ekubeni senziwe ngezikhumba zezilwanyana.
Ziziphi izixhobo zomkhupheli?
Sasisebenzisa iintsiba zazo zonke iindidi zeentaka: ixhalanga, ukhozi, unomyayi, ikhreyini, umvuthwandaba, idada, idada ingakumbi irhanisi. Iintsiba ze-Woodcock zazisetyenziselwa ukupeyinta, kunye neebrashi ezenziwe ngoboya bendlebe benkomo, i-marten kunye ne-vair nazo zazisetyenziswa. Ukubhala, kwakusetyenziswa ii-inki ezahlukahlukeneyo.
Yintoni incwadi yombhalo-ngqangi yamaxesha aphakathi?
Imibhalo-ngqangi yamaxesha aphakathi
Ikhowudi Est eyenziwe yindibano yamaphepha ahlanganiswe kwisiqingatha, ahlanganiswe kwiincwadana ezidityaniswe ngumthungo. Wanika imilo ye-paralelepipedal yencwadi yintoni l'siyazi namhlanje. Ukuba siyithelekisa nemisongo yendabuko okanye i-volumen, ifomathi ye-codex Est ukonga ngakumbi kwaye kuncinci.
Babehlala phi amahlwempu kumaXesha Aphakathi?
Uninzi abalimi babehlupheka kakhulu. Bona waphila kwizindlu ezakhiwe ngamatye okanye ngodaka, ezifulelwe ngengca. Ezi zazikwiilali ezikufuphi nenqaba yenkosi yazo. Amakhaya abo ayenegumbi elinye, nemigangatho emdaka.
Iphepha lenziwe njani?
Ufele lwegusha, ufele lwethole okanye ufele lwebhokhwe olulungiselelwe ngokukodwa ukufumana ubhalo. Ulusu lwethole elincinane kakhulu, elibukhali, Est eyaziwa ngokuba yi "vellum". Ukuveliswa kwe isikhumba, ekuthiwa yintsomi kubemi basePergamon (yiloo nto ke igama elithi pergamenum), ngokungathandabuzekiyo lasusela ekuqaleni kwexesha lamaKristu.
Uhonjiswe njani umbhalo-ngqangi weCarolingian?
ngaphandle kwegolide, nesilivere, nomfusa; imibhalo-ngqangi ihonjisiwe usebenzisa iindidi ezininzi zokukhanya okanye ezimnyama ezisuka kumbala wendalo, wemvelaphi yezimbiwa (vermilion, lapis-lazuli, orpiment ...), isilwanyana (purple ...), imifuno (indigo, orseille ...), okanye eyenziweyo ii-pigments eziveliswa ngu...
Indlela yokubeka i-cap cap?
Yongeza a lahla ikepusi
Yiya ukufaka> lahla ikepusi. Khetha ukhetho lwe lahla ikepusi ngokukhetha kwakho. Ukwenza i lahla ikepusi elingena kumhlathi wakho, khetha yaliwe. Ukwenza i lahla ikepusi ibekwe kumda, ngaphandle komhlathi wakho, khetha kumda.
Uyenza njani i-cap yokulahla kwibhokisi yokubhaliweyo?
Ukufaka ifayile ye- lahla ikepusi, qala udale i Indawo yokubhaliweyo. kuxwebhu lweLizwi? > Kwi "Uhlobo lwe Indawo yokubhaliweyo", ukukhetha"Indawo yokubhaliweyoEmva koko usete" Umda wangaphakathi "(Ekhohlo, Ekunene, Phezulu, Ezantsi) ukuya ku" 0 ".
Lithini igama lesiphumo sombhalo obonisa unobumba omkhulu ekuqaleni komhlathi?
I-lettt (oonobumba abakhulu) Est un unobumba omkhulu isetyenziswe njengento yokuhombisa kwi ukuqala komhlathi okanye icandelo. Ubungakanani bokuwisa Est ngokuqhelekileyo imigca emibini nangaphezulu. Lo mfanekiso ulandelayo ubonisa iinketho zokubeka i-drop cap.
