Kev kis yog qhov kev cia siab ntawm qhov kev hloov pauv cuam tshuam nrog cov zis. Qhov no qhia peb txog ntau yam ntawm cov txiaj ntsig tau uas peb xav kom pom. Cov duab. Cov duab qhia tau hais tias qhov kev hloov pauv tau faib li cas txog qhov chaw.
Ntawm no, Kev nthuav dav txhais li cas rau ntawm daim duab kos? Qhov nruab nrab ntawm cov ntaub ntawv teev yog ib txoj hauv kev los piav txog tus nqi ib txwm nyob hauv cov ntaub ntawv teev. Kev sib kis ntawm cov ntaub ntawv teev yog yuav ua li cas nthuav tawm cov ntaub ntawv muaj nuj nqis nyob rau hauv lub teeb. Yog tias koj muaj ob qhov sib txawv ntawm cov ntaub ntawv sib txawv uas tau sawv cev hauv cov duab kos, koj tuaj yeem siv ob lub ntsiab lus los sib piv cov duab, qhov nruab nrab, thiab kev sib kis ntawm ob pawg ntaub ntawv.
Koj piav qhia txog kev sib kis li cas? Kev ntsuas kev sib kis piav qhia zoo sib xws los yog txawv npaum li cas cov txheej txheem ntawm kev soj ntsuam qhov tseem ceeb yog rau ib qho kev sib txawv (cov ntaub ntawv khoom). Kev ntsuas kev sib kis muaj xws li qhov ntau, quartiles thiab qhov sib txawv ntawm qhov sib txawv, qhov sib txawv thiab tus qauv sib txawv.
Tsis tas li ntawd, qhov chaw faib khoom yog dab tsi? Qhov chaw ntawm kev faib khoom yog nruab nrab ntawm ib qho kev faib tawm. Piv txwv li, qhov chaw nruab nrab ntawm 1 2 3 4 5 yog tus lej 3. … Saib ntawm daim duab, lossis ib daim ntawv teev cov lej, thiab saib seb qhov chaw puas pom tseeb. Nrhiav qhov txhais tau tias, qhov "nruab nrab" ntawm cov ntaub ntawv teev. Nrhiav qhov nruab nrab, tus lej nruab nrab.
Koj pom qhov kis tau li cas? Variance
- Nrhiav qhov txhais tau tias ntawm cov ntaub ntawv.
- Tshem tawm txhua tus lej los ntawm qhov nruab nrab.
- Square qhov tshwm sim.
- Ntxiv cov lej ua ke.
- Faib qhov tshwm sim los ntawm tag nrho cov naj npawb ntawm cov lej hauv cov ntaub ntawv teev.
Koj nyeem ntawv kis tau li cas?
Ib qho point kis yog a thawj koom ruam ntawm cov npoo ntawm yeej nyob rau hauv ib qho kev ua si. Pab pawg neeg muaj zog lossis cov neeg ua si yuav tau txais kev pom zoo los ntawm qee cov ntsiab lus, nyob ntawm qhov pom qhov sib txawv ntawm lub peev xwm ntawm ob pawg. Daim npav rho tawm (-) txhais tau hais tias pab pawg yog tus nyiam. Lub cim ntxiv (+) txhais tau hais tias pab pawg yog cov neeg tsis muaj zog.
Qhov twg yog qhov kev ntsuas zoo tshaj plaws ntawm qhov chaw thiab kis tau los siv los piav qhia txhua cov ntaub ntawv? Thaum nws yog skewed sab xis los yog sab laug nrog siab lossis qis outliers ces qhov nruab nrab yog qhov zoo dua los siv los nrhiav qhov chaw. Qhov kev ntsuas zoo tshaj plaws ntawm kev sib kis thaum qhov nruab nrab yog qhov chaw nruab nrab yog IQR. Raws li rau thaum lub chaw nruab nrab yog qhov nruab nrab, ces tus qauv sib txawv yuav tsum tau siv vim nws ntsuas qhov kev ncua deb ntawm cov ntaub ntawv taw tes thiab qhov nruab nrab.
Vim li cas nws tseem ceeb los piav qhia txog qhov chaw nruab nrab thiab kev sib kis? Muaj ntau ntau yam vim li cas qhov kev ntsuas ntawm kev sib kis ntawm cov ntaub ntawv muaj nuj nqis yog qhov tseem ceeb, tab sis ib qho ntawm cov laj thawj tseem ceeb hais txog nws txoj kev sib raug zoo nrog ntsuas qhov nruab nrab nyiam. Ib qho kev ntsuas ntawm kev sib kis muab peb lub tswv yim ntawm qhov zoo li cas, piv txwv li, sawv cev rau cov ntaub ntawv.
Qhov txawv ntawm qhov nruab nrab nyiam thiab kev sib kis yog dab tsi?
Kev ntsuas uas qhia txog qhov nruab nrab ntawm qhov kev faib tawm yog hu ua ntsuas qhov nruab nrab nyiam. Kev ntsuas uas piav qhia txog kev sib kis ntawm cov ntaub ntawv yog kev ntsuas ntawm kev tawg. Cov kev ntsuas no suav nrog qhov nruab nrab, nruab nrab, hom, thaj tsam, sab sauv thiab qis qis, txawv, thiab standard deviation.
Kuj Yuav ua li cas koj piav qhia cov duab ntawm kev faib khoom? Cov duab ntawm kev faib khoom yog piav qhia los ntawm nws tus naj npawb ntawm cov ncov thiab los ntawm nws muaj symmetry, nws nyiam skew, los yog nws uniformity. (Kev faib tawm uas skewed muaj ntau cov ntsiab lus npaj rau ntawm ib sab ntawm daim duab dua li ntawm lwm qhov.)
Peb ntsuas qhov sib kis ntawm kev faib tawm li cas?
Lub tswv yim tom qab tus qauv sib txawv yog txhawm rau txheeb xyuas qhov sib kis ntawm kev faib tawm los ntawm kev ntsuas deb npaum li cas cov kev soj ntsuam los ntawm lawv txhais tau tias. Tus qauv sib txawv muab qhov nruab nrab (lossis ib txwm nyob deb) ntawm cov ntaub ntawv taw qhia thiab qhov nruab nrab.
Qhov nruab nrab ntawm lub qia thiab nplooj nplooj yog dab tsi? Rau txhua kab, tus lej hauv "stem" (kab nruab nrab) sawv cev thawj tus lej (lossis tus lej) ntawm cov qauv nqi. Lub "nplooj ntawv" nyob rau sab saum toj ntawm daim phiaj qhia tias qhov twg decimal tso cov nplooj ntawv qhov tseem ceeb.
Dab tsi yog qhov sib txawv ntawm kev sib kis?
Kev sib kis muaj xws li cov mis nyuj sib kis (xws li cheeses, cream, thiab butters, txawm hais tias lo lus "butter" yog siv dav rau ntau qhov kev sib kis), margarines, zib ntab, cov nroj tsuag kis tau (xws li jams, jellies, thiab hummus), poov xab kis (xws li vegemite thiab marmite), thiab nqaij-raws li kis tau (xws li pâté).
Vim li cas kev sib kis ntawm cov ntaub ntawv tseem ceeb?
Vim li cas nws tseem ceeb los ntsuas qhov kev sib kis ntawm cov ntaub ntawv? … Ib qho kev ntsuas ntawm kev sib kis muab peb lub tswv yim ntawm qhov zoo npaum li cas, piv txwv li, sawv cev rau cov ntaub ntawv. Yog tias qhov sib kis ntawm qhov tseem ceeb hauv cov ntaub ntawv teeb tsa loj, qhov txhais tau tias tsis yog tus neeg sawv cev ntawm cov ntaub ntawv xws li kev sib kis ntawm cov ntaub ntawv me me.
Qhov ntsuas kev sib kis hu ua dab tsi thaum lub ntsiab lus yog qhov ntsuas ntawm qhov chaw? Nws yog tsim nyog siv tus qauv sib txawv raws li kev ntsuas kev sib kis nrog qhov nruab nrab raws li qhov ntsuas ntawm qhov chaw.
Qhov kev sib kis +7 txhais li cas? +7 kis txhais li cas? Yog tias qhov sib kis yog xya lub ntsiab lus rau ib qho kev ua si, nws txhais tau tias qhov underdog tau txais xya lub ntsiab lus, sau tseg li +7 ntawm qhov sib txawv. Ib pab neeg tshaj tawm ntawm -7 yog qhov nyiam thiab tau tso xya lub ntsiab lus.
2.5 point kis yog dab tsi?
2.5-point kis yog dab tsi? Yog tias New York yog +2.5, qhov ntawd txhais tau tias lawv yog cov underdog thiab tau pom los yog muab 2.5 ntsiab lus. Yog tias New York poob los ntawm ob lossis tsawg dua cov ntsiab lus, ces nws yog qhov yeej thawj koom ruam. Yog tias New York rub tawm qhov kev chim siab, ces qhov ntawd kuj yog qhov kev twv txiaj yeej.
1.5 kis txhais li cas? Point kis betting hauv baseball
Lub ntsiab lus sib kis hauv kev sib tw ntaus pob yog feem ntau hu ua kab khiav. Hauv MLB, txoj kab khiav yuav luag ib txwm teeb tsa ntawm 1.5, lub ntsiab lus tus nyiam yuav tsum yeej los ntawm ob lossis ntau dua khiav.
Cov duab txhais li cas hauv kev txheeb cais?
Kev ntsuas cov duab piav qhia txog kev faib khoom (lossis qauv) ntawm cov ntaub ntawv hauv cov ntaub ntawv. Cov duab faib ntawm cov ntaub ntawv ntau tuaj yeem piav qhia vim tias muaj qhov kev txiav txim siab rau qhov tseem ceeb, thiab qhov 'qis' thiab 'siab' kawg qhov tseem ceeb ntawm x-axis ntawm histogram tuaj yeem txheeb xyuas.
Qhov kev ntsuas ntawm qhov chaw thiab kev sib kis twg muab cov ntsiab lus zoo tshaj plaws ntawm qhov faib histogram? Qhov nruab nrab yog tsim nyog los siv rau kev ntsuas ntawm qhov chaw thiab kis rau symmetric distributions yam tsis muaj outliers. Qhov nruab nrab yog qhov kev xaiv tsim nyog los piav txog qhov nruab nrab ntawm kev faib khoom.
Qhov kev ntsuas ntawm qhov chaw thiab kev sib kis yuav tsum tau siv rau cov ntaub ntawv teev tseg hauv cov histogram saum toj no?
Qhov txhais li cas yog tsim nyog los siv rau kev ntsuas ntawm qhov chaw thiab kis rau symmetric distributions yam tsis muaj outliers. Qhov nruab nrab yog qhov kev xaiv tsim nyog los piav txog qhov nruab nrab ntawm kev faib khoom.
Yuav ua li cas tshwm sim rau qhov chaw zoo thiab qhov sib txawv thaum koj rho tawm qhov txhais tau tias ntawm txhua qhov qhab nia? Yuav ua li cas standardizing ib tug txawv txav muaj feem xyuam rau cov duab, nruab nrab, thiab kis ntawm nws tis? …tab sis Tsis yog kev sib kis lossis cov duab ntawm kev faib tawm. Thaum koj ntxiv lossis rho tawm qhov tsis tu ncua ntawm txhua qhov qhab nia hauv kev faib tawm. qhov kev hloov pauv los ntawm tus nqi ntxiv lossis rho tawm; tab sis cov standard deviation & variance nyob li qub.